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Mathematics 2022, 10, 3167 7 of 27 m ̇ T ES,sec TT ES,sec,in Tsurr Tint TES Tank PCM m ̇ T ES PT ES,out hT ES,out xTES m ̇ T E S , s e c TT ES,sec,out Q ̇ T ES,sec Q ̇ T ES m ̇ T E S PT ES,in hT ES,in Figure 3. Configuration of the thermal energy storage tank. The physical and thermodynamic parameters of the TES tank are included in Table 2, while the thermodynamic properties of the PCM are shown in Table 3. The intermedi- ate fluid is a 60% in volume ethylene glycol aqueous solution featuring high thermal conductivity. Table 2. Design parameters of the TES tank. Symbol Ltank Dtank etank npcm Dpcm epcm κcoat,pcm nrefr Drefr erefr κcoat,re f r nsec Dsec esec κcoat,sec VTES,int αsurr Description Length of the TES tank Internal diameter of the TES tank Thickness of the TES tank wall Number of PCM cylinders External diameter of the PCM cylinders Thickness of the PCM cylinder coating Thermal conductivity of the PCM cylinder coating Number of refrigerant pipes External diameter of the refrigerant pipes Thickness of the refrigerant pipe wall Thermal conductivity of the refrigerant pipe wall Number of secondary fluid pipes External diameter of the secondary fluid pipes Thickness of the secondary fluid pipe wall Thermal conductivity of the secondary fluid pipe wall Volume of the intermediate fluid Coefficient of thermal losses Value 1.4 0.4 0.005 17 0.0445 0.001 16.3 36 0.020 0.001 16.3 32 0.020 0.001 16.3 0.109 0.1 Value 3690 222,000 −29 0.64 1420 Units m m m – m m W m−1 K−1 – m m W m−1 K−1 – m m W m−1 K−1 m3 W m−2 K−1 Units J kg−1 K−1 J kg−1 ◦ C W m−1 K−1 kg m−3 Table 3. Phase change material properties. Symbol Description cppcm Specific heat at constant pressure hlat Specific enthalpy of fusion (latent phase) Tlat Phase change temperature pcm κpcm Thermal conductivity ρpcm Density pcmPDF Image | Refrigeration Systems with Thermal Energy Storage
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