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Energies 2022, 15, 6385 6 of 13 Figure 5A,B are the curves of instantaneous temperature at the center of the rock mass by the end of the simulated cooling period. They were measured at the depths of 0.1 m, 0.2 m, and 0.3 m, respectively. The measured temperatures in the model with a horizontal fracture were lower than that in the non-fracture rock mass all the time. Meanwhile, the slope temperature curves of the horizontal single fracture rock mass monitoring hole Energies 2022, 15, x FOR PEER REVIEW 7 of 15 were gentler than those of the non-fracture rock mass, indicating that the temperature increased more slowly due to the improved heat capacity of the rock mass brought by the fracture water. 30 el 28 oh el oh g oti nom fo met 34 32 30 28 26 24 22 20 18 16 g nir 26 nir oti nom 24 fo eru 22 ta re p 20 p met ret 18 ret n ee n C 16 C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 (h) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 (h) eru ta re FFiiggurree55..Cuurrvveeoofftteemppeerraatuturreecchhaannggeeoofftthheerroocckkmaasssaattdiifffeerreenttdeeptthsswiitthttiimee..((A))ccuurrvveeooff tthheecceenntteerrtteemppeerraatturreeooffttheemoonnititoorriingghoolleewiitthttimimeeininoonneehhoorrizizoonnttaallffrraaccttuurreemoodeell;;((B))ccuurrvvee of the center temperature of the monitoring hole with time in a non-horizontal fracture model. of the center temperature of the monitoring hole with time in a non-horizontal fracture model. 3. Numerical Simulation 3. Numerical Simulation 3.1. Geometry of the Model 3.1. Geometry of the Model COMSOL Multiphysicals software is a finite element simulation tool and comes from COMSOL Multiphysicals software is a finite element simulation tool and comes from Durham city in the US, the 5.6 version was used to simulate. By establishing and solving Durham city in the US, the 5.6 version was used to simulate. By establishing and solving coupled partial differential equations of specific forms of heat transfer, porous flow, mechan- coupled partial differential equations of specific forms of heat transfer, porous flow, me- ics, and others, it can simulate thermal–hydraulic–mechanical coupling processes. Basic chanics, and others, it can simulate thermal–hydraulic–mechanical coupling processes. steps include establishing geometry models, specifying initial and boundary conditions, Basic steps include establishing geometry models, specifying initial and boundary condi- meshing, and calculations. tions, meshing, and calculations. The impact of the fracture water on the heating condition of GCHP was further The impact of the fracture water on the heating condition of GCHP was further ana- analyzed by a numerical simulation, and the software was used to investigate the more lyzed by a numerical simulation, and the software was used to investigate the more com- complex condition. In order to investigate the influence of different fracture numbers on plex condition. In order to investigate the influence of different fracture numbers on the the heat transfer performance of the buried heat exchangers, a 3D heat transfer model heat transfer performance of the buried heat exchangers, a 3D heat transfer model with 3 with 3 × 3 heat exchange holes was built. Each hole accommodated a single U pipe × 3 heat exchange holes was built. Each hole accommodated a single U pipe (Figure 6). (Figure 6). The fracture crossed the rock mass at Z = −50 m in the case of one horizontal The fracture crossed the rock mass at Z = −50 m in the case of one horizontal fracture (F1) fracture (F1) as shown in Figure 6B. The fractures crossed the rock mass at Z = −50 m as shown in Figure 6B. The fractures crossed the rock mass at Z = −50 m and Z = −47.5 m and Z = −47.5 m in the case of two horizontal fractures (F2), as shown in Figure 6C. The in the case of two horizontal fractures (F2), as shown in Figure 6C. The fractures were fractures were simplified as one or two horizontal fractures, but the simulation results still simplified as one or two horizontal fractures, but the simulation results still provided a provided a demonstration of how the fracture water affected the temperature field in the demonstration of how the fracture water affected the temperature field in the rock mass. rock mass. The depth, thickness, and inner diameter of the U pipe were 100 m, 6 mm, and The depth, thickness, and inner diameter of the U pipe were 100 m, 6 mm, and 26 mm, 26 mm, respectively. respectively. The distance between the U pipes was 5 m, and the rock mass was a homogeneous cuboid with the size of 40 m × 40 m × 120 m. At the top of this model, the vertical U pipes were connected in parallel through a horizontal pipe network. Points A and B in Figure 7 are the water inlet and outlet of the U pipe network, respectively. The zero point was set at the ground surface. The geometric and physical parameters involved in this simulation research are shown in Table 1. Table 1. Definition of the physical parameters in the numerical model. Parameter T_init_m C_p_eff Description of Physical Parameters Initial temperature of rock mass Specific heat capacity of rock mass Value Unit 289.15 [16] K 890 [16] J/(kgK) (°C) (°C) m1 m2 m3 .0 .0 .0 e miT B emi rut T carf-non m1 m2 m3 .0 .0 .0 l edome ledomerutcarfe A noPDF Image | Research on the Application of Fracture Water
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