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Storage Systems The basic idea behind the thermal energy storage concept is to store available heat in a Medium and to later extract this heat to produce electricity or provide Thermal energy, depending on the usage application. The thermal energy storage is done through two techniques, Direct and Indirect. Direct systems In this system, the heat generated from either the renewable or conventional sources is directly transferred through the heat transfer fluid to the storage media and then what remains, that is exhausted away is sent to be utilized in the working medium to generate electricity. Systems using this concept are: 1. Single-Tank Thermocline Storage 2. 2-Tank Molten Salt Direct Storage 3. 2-Tank Oil Storage Indirect systems Power plants that generate electricity from thermal energy and heat, operate at very high and extreme temperatures, that the exhausted heat remains at considerably high temperatures, and this heat is stored. Systems using this concept are: Sand energy storage system 1. Packed-Bed Thermal Energy Storage 2. 2-Tank Molten Salt Indirect Storage 3. Concrete Storage 4. Sand Storage Our focus is to utilize renewable energy resources such as solar energy and wind energy, Moreover to keep the system as simple as possible and as cheap as possible. Although these resources aren't available always or won't achieve the required energy all the time a couple of suggestions were made. The first idea is a solar radiation receiver that will be used to heat our sand. The second Idea is to use a small wind turbine (1kW) to generate electricity and power an electric heater to heat the sand. The Third and last idea is to build a hybrid system of the previously suggested ideas. These systems increase in complexity and costs as we move from the first idea to the last. Our decision is to design the solar energy concept system, pitching a more attractive system at the cheapest costs. This system requires a solar receiver and a heat exchanger. A single solar receiver design proves to be insufficient to provide the required energy. Therefore a Fresnel lens is advised to be used. 6PDF Image | Sand Energy Storage System for Water Heater
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