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Because there is phase change within the PCM, equation (13) is not appropriate. The equation is written in terms of enthalpy instead of temperature, and the PCM temperature is calculated as a function of the enthalpy (h). Equation (16) shows how the PCM temperature is calculated based on the calculated enthalpy. Figure 23. PCM nodalization diagram from [16]. The initial models built in Matlab and Star-CCM+ used constant fluid properties and an assumed inlet velocity. The Modelica model has a fluid inlet and exit to allow for replacement of the HTF in the model, and for outer conditions to dictate to the PCM model the fluid conditions at the interfaces. 3.2 PCM Example Result Figure 24 shows the inlet fluid temperature in a Dymola simulation, with a constant inlet mass flow rate of 0.005 kg/s. In this model, the flow direction is always in one direction. The sample simulation modulates between charging and discharging modes by changing the inlet flow temperature, charging at 65°C and discharging at 45°C. The PCM melting temperature is 55°C. Geometry and simulation values are presented in Table 4. Table 4. PCM test simulation parameters. Parameter Radial nodes – PCM Pipe outer diameter Value 10 0.028 cm Axial nodes 50 Pipe inner diameter 0.097 cm 18PDF Image | Thermal Energy Storage Model Development
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