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Type of TES Application UK market today Sensible heat storage Intra-day Interseasonal Interseasonal Intra-day Interseasonal Only used for niche applications – estimated that in total there are 10s of projects (PTES, BTES, ATES). N/A Only investigated in a R&D and academic context – no demonstrator projects were identified in the UK. Evidence Gathering: Thermal Energy Storage (TES) Technologies The market today Overall, there are two primary TES technologies that have experienced widespread uptake in the UK. In the residential sector electric storage heaters and tank based systems are established. Approximately 1.8 million electric storage heaters are installed in UK homes, while almost 400,000 hot water tanks (above 50 litres volume) are sold annually. Overall there are approximately eleven million hot water tanks installed. Larger TTES systems (>500 litres) are selling low thousands of units each year for large residential or commercial applications. There are tens of systems in the district heating segment, where tanks are usually of a size between low hundreds to thousands of m3. Other systems have seen a much more modest uptake. For underground TES technologies (PTES, BTES, ATES) the number of projects ranges from a few single projects to low tens of installations in the UK. With regards to emerging TES technologies – PCM and THS – the commercially motivated uptake of systems remains very low for heating applications. The primary development of PCM has been as part of funded research projects, such as BEIS’s Advanced Heat Storage Competition6 (BEIS, 2013). For THS there is currently no market as such, because the technology is primarily tested and evaluated within the academic research community. Table 3 summarises the current UK market status for different TES applications. Table 3 – Summary of market status for different TES applications in the UK Approximately 400,000 hot water tanks are sold p.a. in the UK and the installed base is approximately eleven million. The installed base of electric storage heaters in residential buildings is around 1.8 million. Intra-day A number of players in the UK are investing in R&D of heat storage applications – likely around 1000s of systems installed mainly in trial projects. Latent heat storage (PCM) Thermochemical heat storage (THS) 6 Examples from the DECC Advanced Heat Storage Competition include amongst others Sunamp Ltd., University of Warwick, Phase Change Material Products, Community Energy Solutions, IECHP Ltd. (DECC, 2013). 11PDF Image | Thermal Energy Storage (TES) Technologies
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