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Current market and product review Evidence Gathering: Thermal Energy Storage (TES) Technologies Figure 6 – Total sales of hot water cylinder systems in the UK show that the market has proven relatively stable over the past four years (Source: UK Hot Water Association, 2016) 500,000 400,000 300,000 200,000 100,000 0 Total sales hot water cylinders and thermal stores (excluding small direct unvented cylinders under 50 litres) 2012 2013 2014 2015 The most common application used for TTES is hot water storage, which is particularly common in residential dwellings and small commercial applications. Both hot water cylinders and thermal stores are very common in the UK. In fact based on data published by the UK Hot Water Association, a total of 398,273 hot water tank systems above 50 litre volume were sold and installed in 2015. The most common systems sold are systems between 50 litre and 500 litre storage volume, including both unvented indirect cylinders and thermal stores. There are hundreds of small tank based products on offer in the UK, with a wide range of specialised manufacturers, as well as heating system manufacturers. Unvented cylinders are becoming more popular than vented cylinders In the small scale hot water cylinder segment sales of open vented cylinders18 continue to decline and are now normally only used for distress replacements. At the same time unvented cylinder19 sales continue to increase as they have become the norm for dwellings without combination boilers. On the other hand, the main market for hot water only thermal stores20 is in blocks of flats where it is difficult to run pressure and temperature discharge pipework. Sales of open vented cylinders are in decline because of popularity of unvented cylinders 18 Open vented cylinders are fed by cold water from a separate cold water storage cistern and use gravity to distribute the hot water around the home. 19 Unvented cylinders do not include a cold-water cistern – instead the sealed hot water cylinder is fed directly by the cold water mains and as it operates at mains pressure can offer better flow rates. 20 In a thermal store (indirect system) water is heated by passing through a heat exchanger that transfers heat from the thermal store water to the mains or tap water. In a hot water cylinder (direct system) the water stored is simply passed through the domestic hot water supply when required. 36PDF Image | Thermal Energy Storage (TES) Technologies
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