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Evidence Gathering: Thermal Energy Storage (TES) Technologies 4.3 Pit Thermal Energy Storage (PTES) The concept of Pit Thermal Energy Storage (PTES) follows a relatively simple principle consisting of a ground excavation which is covered by a watertight liner; the sides of the pit may or may not be insulated. The pit is filled with water and covered by a floating insulated cover – using water a pit store will have a similar energy density to tank based systems. Alternatively the pit may also be filled with a mix of water and gravel or sand, which will have a lower energy density. PTES costs are lower than tank costs, but it has seen limited applications, due to the relatively low uptake of large solar thermal projects in the UK and therefore limited demand for interseasonal heat storage. Table 11 – Summary results for PTES application Interseasonal District heating (primary application), Commercial, [Domestic – only larger multi-family buildings] 6-8 0.3-0.76 £/kWh 27 or 24 £/ m3 to 112 £/m3 28. RES Beaufort Court project High capital costs, low penetration of DH and large solar thermal plants in the UK, regulatory barriers (e.g. planning) Large solar thermal plants (interacts with district heating, heat pumps, commercial boiler systems to produce additional heat) Up to 80% There have been several projects carried out throughout continental Europe; one installation at Renewable Energy System’s headquarters was identified, but throughout the analysis for this report no UK based projects discussed in publications were identified. In Denmark interseasonal heat storage using PTES has been investigated thoroughly and several have been developed. In recent years two 27 0.4-1 €/kWh based on the assumption that PTES can store 60-80 kWh of heat per m3 (Pauschinger, 2012; Solites, 2012) 28 30 to 148 €/m3 (Sunstore 4, 2010; Solites, 2012; Jensen, 2014; Jensen & From, 2013) 41 Metric Summary of results Timeframe Application types Market Status / TRL Cost UK companies / projects Technical barriers to deployment Underground space constraints, system integration, low energy density, local groundwater and geotechnical conditions, most liners will only allow for low temperature heat sources Market barriers Technology interaction System efficiencyPDF Image | Thermal Energy Storage (TES) Technologies
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