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Evidence Gathering: Thermal Energy Storage (TES) Technologies Table 17 – Summary results for PCM applications Intra-day Domestic, commercial 5-8 Sunamp, Kingspan, PCM Products, IECHP, Glen Dimplex amongst others Metric Summary of results Timeframe Application types Market Status / TRL Cost Wide range and large uncertainty – reported numbers vary from potentially as low as 40 £/kWh43 to £250 – 350 £/kWh for fully integrated PCM stores in the residential sector. UK companies / projects Heat exchanger expense, weight of material, melting point (design for unique melting point), heat exchanger technology requires further development Combi-boiler competition in domestic market, hot water cylinders are an established technology, lack of fully commercial products, lack of strong supply chain, low renewable heat penetration Conventional and renewable heating systems (usually requires high temperature heat source, thus solar thermal currently not used), solar PV Technical barriers to deployment Market barriers Technology interaction 75-90% Review of current technological potential To date PCM is very much a niche market application in the UK and elsewhere, with only few products in early commercialisation phases. From a technological perspective, there is large potential for the uptake of PCM based heat stores. However, PCM is likely to be used only where there are space constraints and sensible heat stores are not realisable. Research and development efforts are focusing on integrating PCM stores into heating systems, as well as for temperature control in buildings (see IEA SHC, 2015 for further details). There remain a number of key barriers to the wider development and uptake of PCM stores, namely relatively high costs (although PCM is not prohibitively expensive), as well as applications where a wider temperature range is required. This is a key factor as the benefits of PCM are realisable when the temperature range of the desired application is close to the temperature where the material changes phase. Where a wider temperature range of operation is permitted sensible heat storage approaches 43 Low data point 50 €/kWh (£40) reported by IRENA, 2013. Higher end of the range reported in industry interviews and current UK costs are likely towards the higher end of the reported scale. System efficiency 57PDF Image | Thermal Energy Storage (TES) Technologies
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