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Evidence Gathering: Thermal Energy Storage (TES) Technologies 6.4 Uncertainty around performance of TES technologies Performance of TES has been discussed for each specific technology and application. Small and medium size water based TTES aside, performance parameters are largely based on pilot projects. To confirm the performance reported for pilot projects carried out elsewhere in Europe, it is important to develop and monitor a greater number of demonstrator projects / installations in the UK. Many of the projects abroad have also not been in operation long enough to measure their long term performance parameters and impacts of individual TES systems. Some technology specific gaps are outlined below. Table 24 – Review of key performance gaps Key Gaps Discussion of gap Understanding efficiency and heat losses To enable robust performance and subsequently sound financial evaluations, the understanding of losses from interseasonal heat storage for individual buildings should be explored further. Understanding thermodynamic performance There remain gaps in knowledge around the real life thermodynamic performance (e.g. stratification of heat) especially for TES concepts that have so far only been proven in theory. Sizing of TES The correct sizing of TES in accordance to the size and performance of the adjacent heat source (e.g. heat pump) over a wide range of operating conditions may require additional testing and would benefit from an independent certification process / guidelines. PCM Several key areas for R&D in PCM can be identified. Amongst a range of issues, the development and testing of PCM with different melting points, as well as high temperature PCM stand out. Additionally proving the longevity of a number of phase change materials is required. Hydrogeological conditions There is uncertainty over the wider hydrogeological conditions across the UK. A mapping exercise outlining generally suitable areas for BTES and ATES would potentially be worth exploring for supporting the deployment of TES (e.g. industry interview highlighted that a mapping exercise was carried out in the Netherlands). Materials research There remains uncertainty with regards to performance of different materials used for TES: Uncertainty over long term quality and performance of lining & insulation for PTES. This can only be measured through long term measuring and monitoring (e.g. currently carried out by the Danish Technology Institute). Understanding and highlighting the difference in various phase change materials available. Understanding characteristics of different thermochemical materials for TES. 76PDF Image | Thermal Energy Storage (TES) Technologies
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