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THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE USING PARAFFIN WAX

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THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE USING PARAFFIN WAX ( thermal-energy-storage-using-paraffin-wax )

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incongruently and experience phase segregation. In addition, the high level of super- cooling stemming from poor nucleation causes freezing at lower temperatures and energy loss (Hyun et al., 2014; Kenisarin & Mahkamov, 2007). Types of thermal energy storage that take advantage of the high latent heat of PCMs have been used extensively. Despite having low thermal conductivity, paraffin wax stands out among other types of PCMs in LHTESS applications because of its favorable properties mentioned above. Several methods have been tested to enhance the thermal conductivity of paraffin compounds. Some of the previous efforts have involved inserting metallic fins and matrix structures into PCMs (Kenisarin & Mahkamov, 2007; Xu et al., 2015). In recent years, there has been growing interest in dispersing highly conductive nano-sized particles into PCMs for thermal conductivity enhancement. Nanoparticles could help PCMs overcome some of their deficiencies such as low thermal conductivity and poor nucleation (Khodadadi et al., 2013). So far, most studies of nano-enhanced phase change materials (NEPCMs) have focused on the change in thermal conductivity, latent heat and viscosity with the presence of nanoparticles. The consensus is that the addition of nanoparticles yields an increase in thermal conductivity at varying degrees. Even so, this improvement has unpleasant consequences such as a reduction in latent heat capacity and a dramatic increase in viscosity (Kibria et al., 2015). These outcomes are the cause of less energy being stored and suppressed natural convection affecting the charging time for LHTESS. 3

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