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Literature Review In this chapter, existing experimental studies on latent heat thermal energy storage with phase change materials were reviewed. In addition, previous research efforts related to the current study addressing the characterization and stability of NEPCM were also briefly summarized. 2.1 Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage Energy supply from many sustainable sources, such as solar, thermal or wind, is intermittent in nature, and there is often a time lag between supply and demand. Therefore, efficient energy storage is critical for practical applications of these sustainable energy sources (Chu & Majumdar, 2012). For residential solar thermal applications, conventional hot water systems have relatively low efficiency and limited capacity, particularly at night and during days without sunshine. To overcome these problems, PCMs have been used to store thermal energy (Akgün et al., 2008; Zhou & Zhao, 2011; Sarı & Karaipekli, 2007). PCMs have advantageous features such as nearly isothermal solid-liquid phase change and a high energy storage capacity due to the latent heat of fusion. Latent heat storage systems, when compared to sensible heat storage systems, have a significantly higher energy density, leading to fewer storage materials, or smaller volumes needed to yield the same amount of energy for a sensible heat storage system (Fleischer, 2015). There have been many different types of phase change thermal energy storage systems studied in the literature (Al-Abidi et al., 2016; Nomura et al., 2013; Dutil et al., 2011). These studies involved various storage geometries with heat exchanger configurations. For higher efficiency and more compact design of the storage system, a higher heat transfer 6PDF Image | THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE USING PARAFFIN WAX
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