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The need for improved understanding of molecular- level interactions in capture systems can be seen in recent studies of the molecular mechanisms in the well- developed aqueous amine capture systems using monoethanolamine (MEA). While versions of this system have been used in industry for decades, its optimization with new capture materials requires further elucidation of the still poorly understood detailed reaction mechanisms. It is known that a key result of the process is the formation of an amine–CO2 interaction called a carbamate, but only recently An Example of CO2 Reaction Kinetics Measured with IR Spectroscopy 1 have time-resolved IR and IR spectral surface between 2000 and 900 cm–1 for the reaction between aqueous 30.00 wt % MEA and a gas stream containing 13.04% CO2. Several of the prominent growing peaks are identified as carbamate formed by amine-CO interaction.InaCO capturesystem,this NMR2 spectroscopy studies elucidated the actual detailed reaction mechanism necessary to form this species in solution on the capture side. 2 2 2 carbamate is dissociated at higher temperature in a stripper column to release the captured CO . Source: P. Jackson, K. Robinson, G. Puxty, and M. Attalla, “In situ Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) analysis of carbon dioxide absorption and desorption in amine solutions,” Energy Procedia 1, 985–994 (2009). Thus new techniques with high temporal resolution are needed by which it may be possible to observe the molecule before disturbing it. Beyond direct observation of guest molecules, there is often an associated disturbance in the host that is important to understand, since it plays a role in the energetics and dynamics of transport, capture, and release. The host disturbance can also reveal the position of the guest; it includes matrix structural deformation around the guest. At high gas loadings, effects should change and must be understood. In addition to matrix–guest interactions at high loading, guest–guest chemical interactions will grow and are important. Multidimensional IR and optical spectroscopies might be well suited to these tasks because they can measure electronic and/or vibrational coupling between host and guest to identify the binding site and associated structural changes. Well-established pulse field gradient NMR methods8 can be exploited to measure gas diffusion in complex media. Changes in the host structure with gas adsorption can be monitored with conventional multinuclear MAS NMR. In addition to understanding the static guest–host configuration, it is critically important to measure the kinetics and dynamics of these interactions. From IR measurements we can spatially map the local interaction potentials and thus the energy landscape associated with binding. Where hindered motion occurs, it is important to study and control it because it 96PDF Image | 2020 Carbon Capture
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