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Heat to electricity equivalence factor (FHE) The energy penalty (extraction of LP steam) results in some loss of power generation capacity of the plant. This factor (FHE) gives the equivalent loss of power generation capacity due to the heat requirement for solvent regeneration. From the data obtained from the available studies (Smelster et al., 1991; Mimura et al., 1997; Bolland and Undrum, 1999; Marion et al., 2001; Hendriks, 1994), this factor has been found to lie in the range (9, 22) for a new plant and (22, 30) for retrofit cases. So, the nominal value (for this new plant application) has been taken as 14%. FHE = 14% i.e. FHE = 0.14 (kW.s) Electric (kJ) Heat So, if 10,000 kJ is the regeneration heat requirement for CO2 capture operation, then the corresponding loss in power generation capacity of the power plant is estimated as 14% of 10,000 kJ i.e. 1400 kW.s, or (1400/3600 = ) 0.39 kWh. It may be noted that, in case of retrofit applications, the energy penalty might be significantly higher, and FHE may be around 25%. Blower pressure head (Pfg) The flue gas has to be compressed in a flue gas blower so that it can overcome the pressure drop in the absorber tower. (Pfg) is the pressure head that needs to be provided to the flue gas in the blower, and is is about 26 kPa (~3.8 psi). Blower (fan) efficiency (blower) This is the efficiency of the fan/blower to convert electrical energy input into mechanical work output. Typically, the value of blower efficiency (blower) is about 75%. Solvent head (Psolvent) The solvent has to flow through the absorber column (generally through packed media) countercurrent to the flue gas flowing upwards. So, some pressure loss is encountered in the absorber column and sufficient solvent head has to be provided to overcome these pressure losses. (Psolvent) is the pressure head to be provided to the solvent using solvent circulation pumps. A typical value is about 200 kPa (~ 30 psi). Pump efficiency (pump) This is the efficiency of the solvent circulation pumps to convert electrical energy input into mechanical energy output. Typically, the value of (pump) is assumed to be 75%. CO2 product pressure (PCO2) The CO2 product may have to be carried over long distances. Hence it is necessary to compress (and liquefy) it to very high pressures (PCO2), so that it maybe delivered to the required destination in liquid form and (as far as possible) without recompression facilities en route. The critical pressure for CO2 is about 1070 psig. The typically reported value of final pressure to which the product CO2 stream has to be pressurized using compressors, before it is transported is about 2000 psig. Integrated Environmental Control Model - Technical Documentation • 22PDF Image | Amine Based CO2 Capture
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