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162 IPCC Special Report on Carbon dioxide Capture and Storage table 3.12. Capture costs: Other industrial processes using current or advanced technology. ADvANCED tECHNOLOGy möllersten CCP CCP CCP CCP CCP Study Assumptions and Cost Results CCP 1995 2000c 2000c 2002b 2003 2003 2003 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005 Reference Plant (without capture) Iron production Oil refining petrochemical Industrial process Oil refining petrochemical High purity CO2 sources Pulp mill Pulp mill Ethanol fermentation Refinery heaters & boilers Black liquor Small gas turbines Refinery heaters & boilers NG Small gas turbines Small gas turbines Feedstock type Plant size (specify units) Coke 168 kg s−1 iron 95.3 Refinery gas/ natural gas 315 kg s−1 crude oil 90 Refinery gas/ natural gas 315 kg s−1 crude oil 90 Black liquor and bark 17.9 kg s−1 pulp 90.4 US$3 GJ−1 LHV Sugar cane Mixed 1351 MWt 90.4 Mixed 1351 MWt 90.4 Mixed 1351 MWt 90.4 Natural gas 358 MWt 98.5 Natural gas 358 MWt 98.5 Plant capacity factor (%) Feedstock cost (US$ per unit specified) 90 17.9 kg s−1 pulp 90.4 US$3 GJ−1 LHV 9.1 kg s−1 ethanol 49.3 358 MWt 98.5 Ref. plant emission rate (kgCO2 MWh−1) 0.22 0.82 0.22 0.22 0.82 0.82 Capture Plant Design MDEA MEA Pre- combustion Fired heaters and H2 plant Compression only Amine Boiler Physical solvent IGCC CO2 capture/separation technology Location of CO2 capture Blast furnace gas Fired heaters and H2 plant Fermentation and bagasse boiler MEA Baseline (post- comb.) 1351 MWt MEA Baseline (post- comb.) 358 MWt Membrane Water Gas Shift (pre- comb.) 1351 MWt Flue Gas Recycle & ITM (oxy- fuel) Very Large- scale ATR (pre-comb.) Sorption Enhanced Water Gas Shift (pre- comb.) Capture unit size (specify units) CO2capture system efficiency (%) Energy source(s) for capture (type +onsite or offsite) 90 95 91 392 MW fuel 90 338 MW fuel 90 100/90 1351 MWt 358 MWt 358 MWt Are all energy-related CO2 emissions included? CO2emission rate after capture (kgCO2 MWh−1) yes 0.09 yes 0.19 yes 0.09 yes 0.05 yes 0.10 yes 0.14 CO2 captured (Mt yr−1) CO2product pressure (MPa) CO2 reduction per unit of product (%) 2.795 11.0 1.013 11.0 1.175 11.0 1.970 8.0 0.969 10.0 0.399 10.0 0.560 10.0 60.3 11.0 76.5 11.0 58.4 11.0 75.8 11.0 87.4 11.0 82.2 11.0 Cost Results Cost year basis (constant dollars) Fixed charge factor (%) Ref. plant capital cost (US$ per unit capacity) 15 3.2 15 1.9 15 2.6 Capture plant capital cost (US$ per unit capacity) Incremental capital cost (million US$ per kg s−1 CO2)* Ref. plant cost of product (uS$/unit) Capture plant cost of product (uS$/unit) 3.8 4.1 4.9 0.3 incremental cost of product (uS$/ unit) % increase in capital cost (over ref. plant) 10.2 10.2 55.1 55.1 6.1 6.1 6.8 6.8 54.2 54.2 48.2 48.2 % increase in unit cost of product (over ref. plant) Cost of CO2 captured (US$/tCO2) Cost of CO2 avoided (US$/tCO2) Capture cost confidence level 35 50 74 60 116 10 34 moderate 23 53 55.3 78.1 90.9 88.2 36.4 48.1 38.2 41.0 59.0 76.0 low 60.5 71.8 CuRRENt tECHNOLOGy Farla et al. iEA GHG iEA GHG iEA GHG möllersten möllersten (see Table 3.6) Notes: All costs in this table are for capture only and do not include the costs of CO2 transport and storage; see Chapter 8 for total CCS costs. *Capital costs are incremental generation and also excluding interest during construction and other owner’s costs. costs of capture, excluding cost of make-up steam and power et al. et al. et al.PDF Image | CARBON DIOXIDE CAPTURE AND STORAGE
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