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II. CARBON UTILIZATION’S MARKET AND EMISSIONS POTENTIAL The Global CO2 Initiative Roadmap (2016) provided a useful projection of how carbon utilization could grow in coming years if certain scenarios and assumptions are realized. To provide insight into what full potential might look like, the Roadmap lays the ground work for what might be considered high-end markers for the potential of carbon utilization moving forward. A significant con- clusion summarized from the report was that, “Funding, incentives and prompt strategic action are necessary to move the CBPI [Carbon Based Products Industry] to its full potential... [at which] CBPI could reach or exceed US $800 billion by 2030.” As for emissions reduction, the Roadmap concluded that, “Critically, the CBPI has the potential to utilize seven billion metric tons of CO2 per year by 2030—the equivalent of approximately 15 percent of current annual global CO2 emissions.” The Roadmap divided utilization approaches into seven general categories, as illustrated in Figure 2. The status of these technologies, and their associated opportunities for market growth and greenhouse gas reduction potential are presented together graphically in Figure 3 and summarized in tabular form in Appen- dix A. The sizes of the “balloon” markers in Figure 3 correspond to the relative emission reduction potential for each sector at different points in time. While current product volumes across all CCU sectors are small, they offer significant potential in the longer term. FIGURE 2: General categories of utilization technologies Construction Materials • Cement and Concrete • Asphalt • Aggregate • Timber/super hardwood Industrigas & Fluids • Enhanced oil recovery • Enhanced coal bed methane recovery • Enhanced water recovery • Semiconductor fabrication • Power cycles Fuel • Synthetic (methanol, butanol, natural gas, syngas, etc) • Micro-algae fuel • Macro-algae fuel Plastics • Polyurethane foams • Polycarbonate (glass replacement) • Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene • Many more Chemicals • Preservatives (formic acid) • Medicinal • Antifreeze (ethylene glycol) • Carbon black • Many more New Materials • Carbon Fiber • Carbon nanotubes and fullerenes • Graphene Agriculture & Food • Algae-based food or animal feed • Microbial fertilizer • Biochar, bio-pesticides, bio-cosmetics Source: A Roadmap for the Global Implementation of Carbon Utilization Technologies https://assets.ctfassets.net/xg0gv1arhdr3/5VPLtRFY3YAIasum6oYkaU/48b0f 48e32d6f468d71cd80dbd451a3a/CBPI_Roadmap_Executive_Summary_Nov_2016_web.pdf CARBON UTILIZATION—A VITAL AND EFFECTIVE PATHWAY FOR DECARBONIZATION 5PDF Image | Carbon Utilization
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