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The third test examines the effects of replacing the strong cation exchange material in the IX compartment of the cell with inert ceramic particles. The affects of the ceramic media on the ion exchange efficiency of Na+ for H+ ions in the cell is determined in the results shown in Table 5. Table 5. Test 3: Acidification of IO-2 seawater at 680 mL/min using Inert Material in the 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165 180 1.0 / 8.0 1.0 / 8.0 1.0 / 8.0 1.0 / 8.0 1.0 / 8.0 1.0 / 8.0 1.0 / 8.0 1.0 / 8.0 1.0 / 8.0 0.8 / 6.0 0.9 / 6.5 0.9 / 7.0 680 140 8.29 680 140 8.48 680 140 8.28 680 140 7.13 680 140 6.62 680 140 6.10 680 140 5.51 680 140 4.22 680 140 6.46 680 140 6.30 680 140 5.87 680 140 5.83 11.88 11.88 11.87 11.87 11.90 11.88 11.88 11.52 11.25 11.33 11.36 11.42 IX compartment Time, min Amp/V olt Influent Seawater Flow Rate, mL min-1 Influent DI Flow Rate, mL min-1 Effluent Acidified Seawater pH Effluent DI Cathode pH At a flow rate of 680 of IO-2 is reduced from 8.29 to 6.3 in 150 minutes. Since the pH of the IO-2 water can be lowered with the inert media in the IX compartment the process is considered to be an electrically driven membrane process. The progressive decrease in the IO-2 pH indicates that the cation exchange resin in the anode compartment was regenerating. Since the cation exchange resin in the anode compartment was in the sodium form during the start of the experiment, H+ ions from the oxidation of water on the anode exchanged on the resin and released Na+ ions. These Na+ ions then migrated through the cation exchange membrane and into the IX compartment. Breakthrough of H+ ions into the IX compartment began at 60 minutes when the pH of the seawater began to decrease. See Figure 1 for illustrative details. The high and stable pH of the NaOH is a result of this. In addition to the electrically driven membrane process, the flow rate to current ratio was further improved from 716 to 755 (680 mL/min/0.90 amps) at a recovery of 83%. When the flow rates to the IX compartment and the electrode compartments were dropped (680 mL/min to 140 mL/min in the IX compartment) (120 mL/min to 18 to 10 mL/min) as shown in Table 6, there was an improvement in the flow rate to current ratio 1,207 (140 mL/min/0.116 amps). In addition, the lower flow rates to the cell increased the recovery from 88 to 95%. mL/min to the IX compartment and an applied current of 1.0 amps, the pH 13PDF Image | CO2 from Seawater
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