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The Ionpure cell was re-configured in test 9 (Table 11) such that no material was used in IX compartment of the cell. Table 11 shows that the results were consistent with the results in test 8 (Table 10) during the first 100 minutes of operation which further indicates that this process is an electrically driven membrane process, whereas the media contained in the IX compartment has no effect on the acidification of the seawater. After 100 minutes of operation, voltage and flow rate irregularities occurred indicating internal disruption due to non supported membranes. The pH began to increase and flow rate decrease in the IX compartment while the flow rate increased and pH decreased in the electrode compartments, indicating a gross leak between compartments. Towards the end of this test 9 (Table 11), a crude electrode gas (H2 and O2) capture experiment was performed, but both gasses were captured together due to a common electrode compartment inlet and outlet. The combined gas captured was approximately 10 mL/min per amp. This is close to theoretical according to Faraday’s law which indicated 10.5 ml/min (7. 0 mL/min H2 + 3.5 mL/min O2) per amp at the standard conditions of temperature and pressure. The acidification cell that will be used in future tests will have separate anode and cathode inlets and outlets so that each gas is separate and its volume will be better quantified. Table 11. Test 9: Acidification of IO-4 seawater at 1050 mL/min Without Inert Material in the IX compartment of the Ionpure Cell Time, min Amp/V olt Influent Seawater Flow Rate, mL min-1 Influent DI Flow Rate, mL min-1 Effluent Acidified Seawater pH Effluent DI Cathode pH 20 4.70 / 9.40 1020 40 4.81 / 9.32 1040 60 4.97 / 9.37 1040 80 6.08 / 9.02 1020 100 6.07 / 8.42 1020 120 6.04 / 8.38 1000 120 7.59 - 116 7.17 - 116 6.76 - 118 6.31 - 118 6.12 - 108 6.15 - The pH of the effluent acidified seawater was measured for each of the tests in the test series. In Tests 7 and 8, the effluent acidified seawater was collected and 20 mL aliquots were placed in a 1000 mL round bottom flask and degassed using a Brinkmann Roto-Evaporator. A water aspirator provided a vacuum of approximately 15 mm Hg. The carbon dioxide content of each solution was measured by coulometry and plotted as a function of pH, as shown in Figure 4. In both tests, greater than 98 % carbon dioxide removal was achieved at pHs lower than 4.5. As previously mentioned, CO2 dissolved in water is in equilibrium with H2CO3 (see Equation 15). The hydration equilibrium constant (1.70×10−3) indicates that H2CO3 is not stable and gaseous CO2 readily dissociates at pH of 4.5, allowing CO2 to be easily removed by degassing. This was observed during all of the experiments. CO2 in seawater samples of pH of less than 4.5 were naturally and completely degassed upon exiting the acidification cell (exposed to atmosphere during sampling). CO2 content and pH were measured before and after vacuum degassing and there was no significant difference in these two measurements. 17PDF Image | CO2 from Seawater
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