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INTRODUCTION “It is clear that removin”g CO2 from the atmosphere is and can be valuable, especially given the current likelihood that to- tal carbon emissions will exceed the threshold experts believe will produce irreversible environmental effects.” National Academy of Sciences. Climate Intervention: Carbon Dioxide Removal and Reliable Sequestration. 11 Philanthropies do not need to deliver the high financial returns required by early-stage technol- ogy investors and they do not face the electoral pressures confronting politicians. Instead, philan- thropies can allocate capital for long-term, socially motivated goals that seek to address issues that have yet to gain mainstream interest. This report explores the role that philanthropies can play in accelerating the development of car- bon removal solutions. To understand what actions philanthropies are currently taking around carbon removal, we analyzed a Foundation Center database of philanthropic grant-making in the U.S. from 2008 to 2014 and conducted a series of 50 inter- views with philanthropic stakeholders and carbon removal experts to provide deeper insight into phil- anthropic motivations around carbon removal. We found that philanthropies provided only mini- mal funding specifically to carbon removal projects — averaging $0.8 million per year and representing 0.3 percent of total climate-related philanthropy recorded from 2008 to 2014. Interviews suggest that philanthropies have avoided grants related to carbon removal in the past due to the relatively high complexity, cost, and uncertain- ty of these projects, especially compared to other mitigation approaches. Funding for carbon removal projects to date has been motivated in large part by the co-benefits these solutions frequently offer. Funding to carbon removal pathway approaches — particularly fossil energy with carbon capture and storage — has largely ignored the potential for these projects to pave the way for negative-emis- sions projects in the future. PHILANTHROPY BEYOND CARBON NEUTRALITY Philanthropies can lead the charge to develop car- bon removal solutions in a number of ways, includ- ing by funding initiatives that: • Elevate the conversation on carbon removal among industry and policy leaders • Build the case and advocate for RD&D and technology innovation across a broad portfolio of carbon removal solutions • Identify and advocate for appropriate policy mechanisms to support the development of carbon removal.PDF Image | Philanthropy Final Report
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