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Table 10.5. - Seawater reverse osmosis membranes by producer. Table 10.6. - Brackish water reverse osmosis membranes by producer. Table 10.7. - Nanofiltration Table 10.8. - Ultrafiltration Table 10.9. - Microfiltration Table 10.10. - B-inch seawater reverse osmosis membranes by composition. Table 10.11. - S-inch brackish water reverse osmosis membranes by composition. Table 10.12. - &inch nonotiltration ,membranes by composition. The following notes are for reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membrane listings in tables 10.5 through 10.7 and 10.10 through 10.12. Notes: 1 Optimum operating pH: 5-8. 1000 mg/L-h oxidant tolerance. 2 Chlorine sanitation, 30 mg/L for 30 min. 3 1000 mg/Lh oxidant tolerance. 4 San Diego tap water for test conditions. 5 Not available in U.S. or its possessions or territories. 6 Use softened or deionized feed water: ~1 mgL Ca+‘, or Mg”. 7 Feed water must be dechlorinated. 8 Maximum fouling index of 4. 9 2000 mgiLh oxidant tolerance. 10.3 Comparisons To condense the massive amount of information, the parameters for 8-in. diameter brackish and seawater membranes are summarized in table 10.13. Productivity measures are difficult to evaluate. Design productivity in cubic meters per day are given in all RO’ and NF specifications, but the conditions vary between companies so widely, that a comparison based on cubic meters per day would be meaningless. Figures 10.1, 10.2, and 10.3 are graphs comparing membrane water flux coefficients (the “A” Value) with average water flus (m3/m2*day) and productivity (L/m3 module volume per day) for brackish and seawater RO, nanofiltration and ultrafiltration membranes. The data are separated by module type (hollow fine fiber and spiral) and membrane composition. The ‘A” value is directly proportional to average flux and inversely proportional to net operating pressure. Although “A” is supposed to be a constant characteristic of the membrane, its initial value depends heavily on the initial testing conditions. Unfortunately, testing conditions for membranes are in no way consistent among manufacturers, so figure membranes by producer. membranes by producer. membranes by producer. 10.1 is really no help in deciding which membranes have higher productivity.PDF Image | DESALTING AND WATER TREATMENT MEMBRANE
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