PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 065
In the practical design of an ED unit, the process path length can be derived from this equation when working below the limiting current density and including a correction factor to take into account the shadow effects: h 𝐶𝐶 𝐿 = 𝑙 𝑛 + ( 𝑟 + 𝑟 ) 𝐶 − 𝐶 𝑧𝐹𝑄 𝜁∆𝑉𝐹𝑏 (51) 𝜆 𝐶 𝐶 where 𝐹 is the shadow factor, 𝑏 is the cell width and 𝑄 = 𝑄𝜎, with 𝜎 being a factor expressing the fluid volume % of a cell (i.e. the porosity of the spacer). In a subsequent work, Brauns [361] modified this equation by replacing the shadow factor with a general experimentally determined model parameter which can account for additional phenomena. Another example of simplified model was presented in 2007 by Sadrzadeh et al. [360]. In this empirical regression-based model, a current efficiency is used to include all phenomena leading to an incomplete current utilisation, without explicitly considering the various contributions different from the migrative flux for the mass transfer through membranes. In this way, the mass balance can be written as 𝑢h𝑑𝐶 = 𝜁 𝐼 𝑑𝑥 𝐹𝐴 (52) where 𝑢 is the fluid velocity, h is the thickness of the diluate compartment, 𝜁 is the current efficiency, 𝐹 is the Faraday constant, 𝐼 is the electrical current, while I/A represent the current density and 𝐴 is the effective area of an IEM. dC and dx represent the differential variation of concentration for a differential increase in the stack length, respectively. In addition, membrane resistances as well as Nernst potentials are not explicitly calculated but all included in fitting parameters. The result is a lumped model characterised by a single design equation that gives the outlet diluate concentration as a function of the various parameters: 𝛽 𝑄⁄ h 𝐹 ⁄ ∆𝑉 𝐴 𝑓(𝐶,𝐶)= 𝑑𝑥 1 (53) (54) 𝑓(𝐶, 𝐶) = 𝐶(12.64 − 8.92𝐶. + 8.21 𝐶) 𝑑𝐶 where 𝑄 is the flow rate and 𝛽 is a parameter that is fitted by experimental data, resulting in a function of flow rate and applied voltage. As it was shown, simplified models result in a limited number of equations that can easily be used to estimate the main design parameters. However, a simplified design tool does not provide details on the variables distribution along the channel, such as current profiles, and approximates all non-ideal 65PDF Image | Electrodialysis for water desalination
PDF Search Title:
Electrodialysis for water desalinationOriginal File Name Searched:
Review_ED-self-archived.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |