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March 2013 Bioaugmentation updated 2012 Emerging Technologies Technology Summary Bioaugmentation (continued) Seeding from Downstream Process: This seeding process was developed for the main treatment plant in Vienna, Austria. The plant uses two stages of activated sludge in which the first stage is operated at a short (2-4 day) SRT and the second stage is operated at a long SRT for nitrification/denitrification. In this scheme, nitrifying mixed liquor is wasted from the second stage to the first stage, resulting in some nitrification in the first stage. Under normal circumstances10 to 40 percent of the influent is bypassed to the second stage to provide carbon for denitrification. A similar process is operated at the Howard F Curren WWTP in Tampa Florida where the first stage operates as a high purity oxygen activated sludge process receiving WAS from the second stage nitrification process thereby providing some nitrification in the first stage. In Situ Bioaugmentation Separate-stage nitrification processes, in which carbon is removed in an initial biological stage and then followed by a separate-stage nitrification process, are the first examples of in situ bioaugmentation. A three- sludge system incorporating separate-stage nitrification was promoted as a preferred technology in 1970s. The main reason for this was that the separate steps of carbon removal, nitrification, and denitrification could each be optimized. Fixed-film systems have also been used for separate stage nitrification. The purpose of these systems was threefold: (1) use of media with high-mass-transfer rates; (2) use of recirculation to improve media-wetting and gain maximum nitrifying biofilm coverage and minimization of influent solids to avoid competition for oxygen from heterotrophs; and (3) the control of predators with flooding and alkaline treatment. DE-nitrification and PHosphate accumulation in ANOXic (DEPHANOX) Process: This process includes a combination of suspended growth and fixed-film systems in separate stages. DEPHANOX is based on the phenomenon of simultaneous denitrification and phosphate accumulation in the anoxic zone. The solids removed at the primary settling tank are combined with the nitrified wastewater to provide the carbon source required for denitrification. The nitrification stage is a biofilm reactor in standard DEPHANOX applications. A modified approach is to use a suspended biomass reactor for nitrification but to follow it with a clarifier so that the nitrifying biomass is kept separate from the phosphorus accumulating and denitrifying biomass. Process Flow Diagram for DEPHANOX Process Bio-Augmentation Regeneration/Reaeration (BAR) Process: In the Bio-Augmentation R Process, in the Czech Republic the R stands for regeneration zone, and in the United States the R stands for reaeration. The BAR process simply recycles the ammonia-laden filtrate or centrate from dewatering of aerobically digested sludge to a reaeration (regeneration) tank and receives the entire return activated sludge flow into an aeration tank. The high ammonia concentration and elevated temperature in that tank promote nitrification and develop a concentrated culture of nitrifiers. The mixed liquor from the reaeration (regeneration) zone flows to the aeration basin properly seeding it with nitrifiers. A key difference between the BAR process and In-Nitri is that introduction of returned activated sludge (RAS) from the mainstream reactor allows the seed nitrifiers to be incorporated into already well-developed flocs, thereby providing some protection against environmental Wastewater Treatment and In-Plant Wet Weather Management 3-11PDF Image | Emerging Tech for Wastewater Treatment
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