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Chapter 5 Process Monitoring Technologies 5.1 Introduction Process monitoring technologies are a critical component in the improvement of wastewater treatment. Process monitoring technologies, can help prevent upsets in treatment systems, maintain compliance with discharge limits, and save energy and chemicals used by maximizing process efficiency. (They are included for process monitoring only and are not expected to be used for compliance monitoring reporting, as described in CFR Part 136. However, they are not dispositive for any internal monitoring required by EPA or a State.) 5.2 Technology Assessment The innovative technologies listed in this chapter are focused on online monitoring in wastewater treatment systems. These monitoring technologies usually are probes or sensors that can detect change in physical, chemical and biological activity, and they can be installed at critical points throughout the plant. They can save energy and reduce operation and maintenance cost. The innovative process monitoring technologies addressed in this chapter are: Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) for Filamentous and Nitrifying Bacteria, Microtox®/Online Microtox®, Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NADH) Probes, Online Respirometry, Microwave Density Analyzer, and Nutrient Analyzers, Probes & Electrodes. The emerging process monitoring technologies addressed in this chapter are: Biological Micro- Electro-Mechanical Systems (BioMEMS), FISH for Phosphorus Accumulating Organisms (PAOs), Handheld Advanced Nucleic Acid Analyzer (HANAA), Immunosensors and Immunoassays, and Photo-electro Chemical Oxygen Demand (PeCODTM). Quantitative PCR (qPCR) technology for quantification of microorganisms based on their DNA is now being applied for wastewater treatment research and for rapid detection of pathogens and will be included in a future update of this report. Table 5.1 includes a listing of established, innovative, and emerging technologies for process monitoring. An evaluation of the innovative technologies identified for process monitoring is presented in Figure 5.1. Summary sheets for each innovative technology and for each emerging technology are provided at the end of this chapter. Knowledge about technologies tends to evolve. The information provides a snapshot at a point in time; what is understood at one point in time may change as more information develops. This includes knowledge about operating mechanisms as well as the relative and absolute costs and features of a particular technology. Inquiries into the current state of knowledge are an important step when considering implementation of any technology. Wastewater Treatment and In-Plant Wet Weather Management 5-1PDF Image | Emerging Tech for Wastewater Treatment
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