PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 155
Chapter 6 Energy Conservation Measures 6.1 Introduction Energy consumption for municipal wastewater treatment accounts for 15% to 30% of the operating cost at large treatment facilities and 30% to 40% at small facilities (WEF, 2009). Energy is required throughout the wastewater treatment process and facilities, with aeration, pumping and solids management operations typically accounting for the greatest share of a utility’s energy use. The demand and cost of this energy to a wastewater utility continues to rise due to a number of factors including: Implementation of increasingly stringent discharge requirements. Enhanced treatment of biosolids, including drying and pelletizing. Higher pumping and treatment requirements and costs associated with increased infiltration and inflow from aging wastewater collection systems. Increasing electricity rates associated with the cost of fossil fuels used for energy production and with construction of new electric power generating and distribution infrastructure to meet increasing demand. As a consequence of rising energy demand and costs, many wastewater facilities have developed energy management strategies and implemented energy conservation measures (ECMs) to reduce their energy consumption and costs as well as reduce their carbon footprint and associated greenhouse gas emissions. ECMs are herein defined as energy efficient equipment retrofits, operational modifications, and process control enhancements whose implementation leads to reduced energy consumption and costs and often, improved treatment efficiency. This chapter focuses on the advances in ECMs used at wastewater facilities, particularly those that have been developed and implemented since 2008. Other ECMs and energy conservation approaches are discussed in “Evaluation of Energy Conservation Measures for Wastewater Treatment Facilities” (EPA 832-R-10-005). 6.2 Technology Assessment A summary of several innovative, emerging and established ECMs is provided in Table 6.1. Individual technology summary sheets with performance and cost/savings* information are included for several innovative and emerging ECMs documented in the literature. (* Capital costs shown in this chapter may include other needed facilities and/or ancillary equipment needed to implement the ECM and may have been derived from the total cost of a larger project. In some cases, installation costs may not be available and not be included. Capital and O&M costs as well as energy savings are site specific and equipment specific and can vary significantly. For details on the basis of some of the reported costs, please consult the EPA Wastewater Treatment and In-Plant Wet Weather Management 6-1PDF Image | Emerging Tech for Wastewater Treatment
PDF Search Title:
Emerging Tech for Wastewater TreatmentOriginal File Name Searched:
emerging-tech-wastewater-treatment-management.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)