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we observe said shock reaching the splitter at approximately 9.6 A/m2, as can be seen in Figure 3-5. At currents above this current, we are basically doing more work than we need to do, since the shock expands well past the splitter and hence we are wasting energy. In terms of the electrical potential, we see that as soon as the shock forms, the vast majority of the potential drop occurs across the shock region, which corroborates the assumption that was made in the boundary layer model of the system. Lastly, the pressure profiles show that with increasing current, a significant pressure gradient in the y-direction starts to develop, which is consistent with the observation from Chapter 2 that electro-osmotic flow towards the cathode is opposed by pressure-driven flow towards the anode. 3.4 Agreement with Experimental Data 3.4.1 IV-curves Figure 3-11 shows the comparison of the experimental IV-curve from Chapter 2 with the IV curve predicted by simulation for 10 mM NaCl for a flow rate of 2 μL/min through the porous medium. The two curves do not overlap at all. The theoretical IV curve looks much more like a transport-limited IV curve in which the curve obeys Ohms law until a limiting current and then has a certain overlimiting conductivity. It is important to note that the theory does neglect the effect of electrochemical reactions at the electrodes and does neglect the effect of the electrode streams on the IV curve. As such, the only feature that we should be able to compare is the slope of the linear overlimiting regime. In fact, these slopes compare favorably, as the theory predicts an overlimiting conductivity of 8.799 × 10−3 S/m compared to the experimentally measured overlimiting conductivity of 9.79 × 10−3 S/m. The lower observed potential for any given applied current does imply that the theory predicts a lower electrical energy consumption for the desalination. 87PDF Image | Shock Electrodialysis for Water Purification and Electrostatic Correlations
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