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cells, the fluid in each cell will still have to be split into desalted and brine streams. This splitting was so far accomplished via gasketing material that was aligned with the trailing edge of the porous medium. However, this method is not viable for scale- up of the device, since by-hand alignment of a single splitter gasket becomes very difficult with two layers already. Hence, developing the proper splitter design for scale-up will be an important step. One very promising approach to doing this would be via injection molding or in-place molding of gasketing material at the trailing edge of the porous medium; however, the viability of this approach and other approaches have yet to be evaluated. Aside from scale-up, another interesting question is what the size of the system can be expected to be. To investigate this, we did a simple calculation of the system weight (with average system density of about 1.5 lbs/L) required for the current state- of-the-art system to desalinate 200 mL/min of saline solution with varying degrees of ion removal. Furthermore, we also estimated the expected weight of an optimized system, which we would expect to be about 10 times lighter due to the ability to increase the flow rate through each layer via optimization of the porous medium and also through making each layer significantly thinner. Figure 4-4 shows that the approximate weight varies significantly with the degree of deionization desired, but that the weight for the current state-of-the-art system is still quite high. However, we predict that, once optimized, this system could be less that 10 lbs heavy, which would make it a truly portable system. Of course, the system also requires a power source and a way to pump the fluid. However, we estimate that the only additional requirement that will add to the weight is the power source, since the required hydrostatic head to drive the desired flow rates is less than 1 m and hence this system could be fed with saline solution via gravity instead of using pumps. A schematic of such a system (which also includes sensors - though these can likely be removed for a truly portable system) is shown in Figure 4-5. Lastly, whether this system has any chance of being competitive with other water desalination technologies is also an important aspect to consider. Overall, given the 110PDF Image | Shock Electrodialysis for Water Purification and Electrostatic Correlations
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