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RPSEA Project 07122-12 TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT OF PRODUCED WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES 1st Edition Dewvaporation – AltelaRainSM Process Dewvaporation is a process that involves humidification-dehumidification desalination. It reduces the energy costs by using counter-current heat exchange technology. Feedwater is evaporated by heated air, which condenses as fresh water on the opposite side of a heat transfer wall. The energy needed for evaporation is partially supplied by the energy released during condensation. Heat sources can be combustible fuel, solar, or low-grade heat from various resources. The tower unit is built of thin plastic films to avoid corrosion and to minimize equipment costs. Towers are relatively inexpensive because they operate at atmospheric pressure. Altela, Inc. has designed, manufactured, and tested several AltelaRainSM prototype systems based on the dewvaporation process. A schematic of the AltelaRainSM process is shown in Figure 23. Three full-scale AltelaRainSM ARS-4000 systems have been deployed at natural gas wells in the San Juan Basin near Farmington, NM [106]. The ARS-4000 system can process approximately 4,000 gallons per day (100 bbl/day) of produced water with salt concentrations in excess of 60,000 mg/LTDS. Figure 23. Schematic of AltelaRainTM process (Source: [107]). AltelaRainSM System can reduce effluent disposal volumes by as much as 90%. Because the treated water stream is distilled water, the AltelaRainSM produces very high quality water. In one test the TDS concentration of produced water was reduced from 41,700 mg/L to 106 mg/L and chloride concentration was reduced from 25,300 mg/L to 59 mg/L [108]. Similarly, benzene concentration was reduced from 450 g/L to non-detectable following AltelaRainSM treatment [108]. The AltelaRainSM technology requires no special infrastructure, supplies, or consumables for its unattended operation. It requires only regular 110V electricity (from either a generator or solar panels), making it a water treatment alternative at remote wells where no high power grid is available. Dewvaporation operates primarily from low-grade heat source that generates steam at atmospheric pressure. It can come from a variety of sources, such as industrial waste heat, or well-site gas. At locations where either waste heat or waste gas is not readily available, steam can be generated using a small natural gas-fired boiler. Altela currently operates three systems in 73PDF Image | TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT OF PRODUCED WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES
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