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RPSEA Project 07122-12 TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT OF PRODUCED WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES 1st Edition Table 31. Summary of technical assessment of EWP process. Criteria Industrial status Feed water quality bins Product water quality Production efficiency (recovery) Infrastructure considerations Chemicals Life cycle Overall costs Description/Rationale Emerging technology. Have been pilot tested in Atlantic Rim for CBM produced water treatment 10, 000 gal/day (250 bbl/day). Cost competitive for water with TDS <3,000 mg/L. Has been applied to medium TDS range (<6,000 mg/L). CDI is applicable to all types of water chemistry makeup. Product water quality depends on treatment time. EWP can achieve 90% TDS removal. CDI has poor removal of uncharged substances such as boron and organics. Product water recovery is approximately 80%. Very low infrastructure requirement. Small footprint and mobile. No chemicals required. Expected 10 years. Over a 10-year span the total cost of capital and operations is estimated $0.05 per barrel of water processed [119]. Minimal pretreatment such as cartridge filter. 20% brine needs deep well injection or crystallizer for ZLD, and generated solid solids need waste disposal. Good for treatment of produced water with TDS<3,000 mg/L. Back to the list of technologies Energy consumption The power consumption of CDI depends on the amount of salt removed. For example, to achieve 88-89% removal, the energy consumption of EWP is 4 kWh/kgal (0.17 kWh/bbl) for 2,500 mg/L TDS feed water, and 18 kWh/kgal (0.76 kWh/bbl) for 6,000 mg/L TDS water [119]. O&M considerations Low levels of monitoring and control. Low level of skilled labor required. High level of flexibility. High level of robustness. High level of reliability. Types of energy required: electricity or gas. Can be run by 3 kW diesel, propane generator also available. Pre-and post treatment Concentrate management or waste disposal Applicability in produced water treatment Note: 1 barrel = 42 US gallons 81PDF Image | TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT OF PRODUCED WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES
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