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RPSEA Project 07122-12 TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT OF PRODUCED WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES 1st Edition Table 32. Summary of technical assessment of evaporation ponds. Criteria Industrial status Feed water quality bins Product water quality Production efficiency (recovery) Energy consumption Chemicals Life cycle O&M considerations Overall costs Pre-and post treatment Concentrate management or waste disposal Description/Rationale Industrialized technology. Have been used for produced water management. From low TDS range 2,000 mg/L to high TDS >40,000 mg/L. Not applicable. Concentrate management technology. All water is evaporated and hence “lost” to atmosphere Only energy requirement is pumping of concentrate to the pond. No chemicals required. Depending on the projected oil/gas development Minimal; only mechanical equipment used is pumps. Other items may include liner repairs and monitoring. Capital costs are highly variable and dependent on location. There is little economy of scale, and method is most competitive for small flows. None except sludge disposal if pond has been designed for periodic sludge removal (hazardous sludge would require proper handling, treatment, and disposal). Pond may be designed for either sludge accumulation throughout life of ponds with capping at the end of useful life, or for periodic sludge removal and disposal. Excellent for disposal of produced water, more economical and competitive to small flows. Back to the list of technologies Infrastructure considerations Large land area requirements. Landscape and topography are important in siting the location of an evaporation pond. Clay or synthetic liners are required. Monitoring wells or boreholes are required. Siting, designing, and constructing the ponds should consider minimizing the volume of water that is able to enter the pond from natural runoff or flooding. Applicability in produced water treatment Note: 1 barrel = 42 US gallons 84PDF Image | TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT OF PRODUCED WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES
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