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Appl. Sci. 2020, 10, 8687 11 of 18 Rotation Speed [rpm] 100 250 400 550 850 1200 1500 Flow Rate [L/h] Color Removal 1 [%] 45.21 41.67 27.61 25.17 17.32 18.95 22.95 33.16 27.33 18.79 22.41 31.22 46.98 27.35 18.18 22.41 53.50 10.63 17.72 17.51 43.07 48.03 36.08 31.58 30.18 37.45 39.56 39.09 14.76 - SS Removal 2 [%] 12.82 57.32 45.98 11.11 11.18 54.29 42.05 45.98 6.78 11.18 50.00 5.19 49.78 30.61 4.28 10.62 61.13 16.01 30.60 9.71 9.33 45.53 51.88 54.51 - 26.35 52.14 38.95 4.2 14.08 Time Period 1,2 [min] 50; 45 60; 60 50; 60 40; 30 30; 30 60; 60 60; 60 60; 60 21; 30 30; 25 60; 60 60; 50 50; 50 30; 35 30;14 60; 50 50; 50 50; 40 35; 35 30; 25 60; 52 60; 55 50; 50 40; 40 30; - 60; 60 60; 60 58; 53 40; 35 -; 25 Table 2. Maximum values of the color and suspended solids removals. 10 15 20 25 30 10 15 20 25 30 10 15 20 25 30 10 15 20 25 30 10 15 20 25 30 10 15 20 25 30 10 15 20 25 30 - - - 49.64 54.98 30; 25 - - - - - - 1.69 6.68 20; 15 Note: 1 Color removal; 2 SS removal. One can observe that the highest removal for color (53.50%) and suspended solids (61.13%) was obtained at a flowrate of 15 L/h and a rotational speed of 550 rpm after 50 min. Some of the maximum color and suspended solids removal values correlated to the rotation speed and the WW flowrate can be explained in relation to the disc flowing film characteristics, as follows. Depending on the liquid flowrate and disc rotational speed, several flow regimes are found on the surface of a spinning disc. At low liquid flowrates and rotational speeds, visual observations indicated either a smooth or slightly wavy film surface, suggesting a laminar flow, similar to other literature studies [34]. In such cases, no significant micromixing is taking place, since an injected dye maintains a sharp front within the film or even within the waves formed on the film surface [35]. Additionally, at low constant rotational speed values, an increase in the flowrate is characterized by shorter residence time periods on the disc [6,36,37], which essentially explains the decrease in the color and suspended solids removals at 100 rpm, with the WW flowrate increases (Table 2). At higher rotational speeds, disordered ripples of finer structure are formed on the liquid film surface, indicating the start of a turbulent flow regime and, thus, an increased micromixing whichPDF Image | Textile Wastewater Treatment on a Spinning Disc Reactor
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