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Appl. Sci. 2020, 10, 8687 13 of 18 Table 3. The codification of independent variables in the active central composite rotatable 23 design. Variable/Value WW flowrate, [L/h] Rotation speed, [rpm] Operating time, [min] Real Variable (zi) Z1 Z2 Z3 Coded Variable (Xi) X1 X2 X3 Real Basic Variable (zi0) 20 300 15 Variation Step (∆zi0) 6 150 5 The experimental planning design is presented in Tables 4 and 5, with the experimental design matrixes for Y1 and Y2 associated with their experimental values (Yie) and calculated with the proposed model values (Yi). Table 4. Experimental planning matrix for Y1 (suspended solids removal). Exp. No. Z1 Z2 Z3 X1 1 14 150 10 −1 2 26 150 10 1 3 14 450 10 −1 4 26 450 10 1 5 14 150 20 −1 6 26 150 20 1 7 14 450 20 −1 X2 X3 −1 −1 −1 −1 1 −1 1 −1 Y 1e [%] 43.296 32.030 42.273 39.293 41.434 45.344 44.041 38.641 43.482 36.034 34.916 35.754 41.154 45.624 36.499 36.406 36.313 33.706 34.171 40.320 Y 1 [%] 41.340 34.011 43.923 36.595 43.676 42.726 41.092 40.142 43.864 36.902 36.190 36.190 41.541 46.489 36.190 36.190 36.190 36.190 36.190 36.190 Deviation A = (Y1e − Y1) × 100/Y1e [%] 4.519 −6.185 −3.904 6.865 −5.411 5.774 6.696 −3.885 −0.878 −2.407 −3.650 −1.220 −0.941 −1.897 0.846 0.592 0.338 −7.371 −5.909 9.397 8 26 450 20 9 10 300 15 10 30 300 15 11 20 102 15 12 20 550 15 13 20 300 7 14 20 300 24 15 20 300 15 16 20 300 15 17 20 300 15 18 20 300 15 19 20 300 15 20 20 300 15 −1 1 −1 1 1 1 11 1 −1.682 0 0 +1.682 0 0 0 −1.682 0 0 +1.682 0 0 0 −1.682 0 0 +1.682 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 The experimental results from Tables 4 and 5 enabled the proposal of the mathematical models after the significance evaluation of the model coefficients, using the Student’s test: Y1 = 36.1903 − 2.0696X1 + 1.4709X3 + 1.4819X12 + 2.7659X32 + 1.5946X1X3 − 1.2919X2X3, (4) Y2 = 16.4018 − 1.3847X1 + 1.377X12. (5) The average deviation value of the experimental data from the calculated data with the proposed model was −0.390% for Y1 and +3.379% for Y2, which was within the acceptable limits (±10%). The validation of the models was carried out by an appropriate analysis of variance by Fisher constant (F), correlation coefficients (RYx1x2x3), and Fisher test (Fc). The calculated values of F constant were F(Y1) = 45.383 for Y1 and F(Y2) = 28.371 for Y2, higher than Ftab,critical = 4.6, underlining the possible influence of the independent variables on the response functions Y1 and Y2. Moreover, the calculated correlation coefficients for both response functions were high enough—namely, RY1,x1x2x3 = 0.8839 for Y1 and RY2,x1x2x3 = 0.530 for Y2—indicating a relative good correlation between the experimental and the modeled data. Thus, the important influence of the independent variables on each response function (especially Y1 and only of one independent variable (X1) in the case of Y2) was sustained.PDF Image | Textile Wastewater Treatment on a Spinning Disc Reactor
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