PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 012
1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 01234 cathode-side, DAfull anode-side, DAfull cathode-side, DAp anode-side, DAp Figure 4: The current efficiency η through each of the membranes for the base case shown in Fig.3. Base case Q = 38 L/min Q = 152 L/min 1 mM NaCl 100 mM NaCl 10 mM KCl 01 5 10 15 20 25 30 Model [20] DAp/Hp Hfull DAfull Exp. [8] Figure 5: The conductance scaled by the theoretical surface conductance (κ ̃ = κ/κsc) at overlimiting current from different models and experimental data [8]. the theoretical surface conductance. With the adding of hydronium transport (note that DH+ ≈ 7DNa+ ), the DAp model and Hp model both increases κ ̃ to about 1.5. With the electroosmotic vortices, the Hfull and DAfull model predict even higher conductance. Between these two, the DAfull model gives higher conductance because of the overall more negative zeta potential. F We now consider the fresh concentration c ̃k and water recovery ω of the fresh stream for the base case, as shown in Fig.6(a). For the models in this paper, cF = cFNa. For the model of [20], cF = cF− (the authors use the anion concentration in the frit to represent the outlet salt concentration, since they do not have unsupported electrolyte in inlet and outlet zones for simplicity). As we can see, the model of [20] predicts almost perfect desalination at I ̃ ≈ 1. With hydronium transport included, the DAp and Hp model both ̃ show less ion removal at the same I, and the curve reaches a plateau since the membrane is not ideal and the deionization shock passes the splitter. The fresh concentration decreases most slowly with current for the DAfull and Hfull model, which should be the result of a thin deionization zone near the outlet zone induced by electroosmotic vortices. In addition, the DAfull and Hfull models predict greater water recovery than the model from [20], while DAp and Hp models cannot predict an increase in water recovery with current. The small differences between DAp and Hp as well as DAfull and Hfull indicate that the homogenized model works well for shock ED with a binary electrolyte. 3.2.2. Comparison with experiments In this part, we use the DAfull model to calculate additional cases with different working conditions relative to the base case, and we compare the overlimiting conductance, fresh concentration, and water recovery with experimental results [8]. The new working conditions are as follows: change the feed flow rate Q to 38 or 152 μL/min, change the concentration of NaCl to 1 or 100 mM (the corresponding surface charge densities are σ = −10.4, −38.4mC/m2), or change NaCl to KCl. 12PDF Image | Theory of shock electrodialysis
PDF Search Title:
Theory of shock electrodialysisOriginal File Name Searched:
2012-05431.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)