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Nanomaterials 2021, 11, 96 15 of 19 Nanomaterials 2021, 11, x FOR PEER REVIEW 15 of 20 Figure 10. SEM image of a silver-loaded PVA film containing 3% w/w silver nitrate that had been heat cured for 90 min at Figure 10. SEM image of a silver-loaded PVA film containing 3% w/w silver nitrate that had been heat cured for 90 min 140 °C.◦ at 140 C. There are numerous reports of the manufacture of silver nanoparticle loaded compo- There are numerous reports of the manufacture of silver nanoparticle loaded compos- site films for use in antimicrobial applications [26–30]. All these studies used silver nitrate ite films for use in antimicrobial applications [26–30]. All these studies used silver nitrate as the starting material and X ray diffraction and electron microscopy to establish the presence of elemental silver as nanoparticles in the ffiilms and to comment on nanoparticle size..TThheefilfimlmsswwerermemanaunfuacfatucrtuedrefdrofmrombiobciomcopmatpibalteibmleamteraitaelrsiasulschsuacshgaeslagtienla[2ti6n],[c2e6l]-, lcueloluselo[s2e7[]2,7c]h,icthoistaonsa[n28[]2.8a].gagra[r29[2]9o]roproploylylalcatcicticacaicdid[3[03]0]aannddaanntitmimicicrroobiiaallacttiiviity was demonsttratted iin vitro only using Gram-positive (S. aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (P. aeruginosa or E. coli) similar to the studies reported here. 4.5. Antimicrobial Activity of Silver-Loaded PVA Films 4.5. Antimicrobial Activity of Silver-Loaded PVA Films The PVA-silver films containing three different concentrations of silver showed antimi- The PVA-silver films containing three different concentrations of silver showed anti- crobial effects when incubated with bacteria (Figure 11). However, the 1% w/w silver nitrate microbial effects when incubated with bacteria (Figure 11). However, the 1% w/w silver film was not potent enough to inhibit the growth of E. coli (Figure 11A). The same film was nitrate film was not potent enough to inhibit the growth of E. coli (Figure 11A). The same bacteriostatic towards both S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, with the effect more prominent for film was bacteriostatic towards both S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, with the effect more prom- the latter bacterium (Figure 11B,C). Both 3% and 5% w/w PVA-silver films significantly inent for the latter bacterium (Figure 11B,C). Both 3% and 5% w/w PVA-silver films sig- decreased the growth of all three bacteria for up to four hours (3% film against E. coli and nificantly decreased the growth of all three bacteria for up to four hours (3% film against S. aureus, 5% film against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus) or 24 h (3% film against P. aeruginosa E. coli and S. aureus, 5% film against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus) or 24 h (3% film against P. and 5% film against E. coli). After these time points, bacterial growth accelerated; however, aeruginosa and 5% film against E. coli). After these time points, bacterial growth acceler- the bacterial concentration was still significantly lower than that for the controls after 48 h. ated; however, the bacterial concentration was still significantly lower than that for the controls after 48 h.PDF Image | Hydrogel Forming Dressings Containing Silver Nanoparticles
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