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Sensors 2020, 20, 2398 Sensors 2020, 20, x Sensors 2020, 20, x 7 of 13 7 of 13 7 of 13 Ag-layer Ag-layer (a) Ag-layer Ag-layer (b) (b) Figure 6. Microscopic images (50×) of the cross section of the printed, cured and sintered Ag-layer on (a) Figure 6. Microscopic images (50×) of the cross section of the printed, cured and sintered Ag-layer on PET (a) and type 4 (b) paper substrate; the size bar corresponds to 20 μm. PET (a) and type 4 (b) paper substrate; the size bar corresponds to 20 μm. Figure 6. Microscopic images (50×) of the cross section of the printed, cured and sintered Ag-layer on PET (a) and type 4 (b) paper substrate; the size bar corresponds to 20 μm. For a more detailed observation scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the fully cured and For a more detailed observation scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the fully cured and sintered nanoparticles on the type 4 and type 7 substrates was conducted. The printed layer on the sintered nanoparticles on the type 4 and type 7 substrates was conducted. The printed layer on the For a more detailed observation scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the fully cured and type 4 substrate is comparatively homogeneous with an approximate thickness of 2 μm (Figure 7). typsient4erseudbnstarnaotepaisrticcolemspoanrathtievteylypeh4omanodgetynpeeou7ssuwbistthraatnesawpapsrocoxnimduatcetetdh.iTckhneepsrsinotfed2 μlamyer(Foinguthre 7). AdAdtyidtpioteino4anslaullylb,ysi,triatctaceaninsbbceoeomobbpssaeerarvteievdeltyhahatot mthoegneananenoupsarwrttiicitclhelesasnaaraerpewpwreolexllislmisnaitntetretrhdei.cdHk.noHewsosewovfer2v,eμtrhm,ethi(mFeigaimugeraesg7seh)s.oswhow crcarcaAkcdskdsiintiinothntahelelAyA,gitg-lc-alaynyeberr.e.oTbhsersveedcrtahcaktssthrresnsuaulntltofprfraoormtmicltehtsheaeprephwhyyseilscliacslianlhteahrnaednl.dinHligonwg(ter(vatenrras,pnthospretoiamrtitaoagntei,osbnseh,nobdweingd,ing, cracks in the Ag-layer. These cracks result from the physical handling (transportation, bending, cocnotnatcatcintigngdudruirninggmmeaesausureremeenntsts, ,eetctc.).) off tthe samples, and can be explained by the lowerr ffllexiibiillitityy of contacting during measurements, etc.) of the samples, and can be explained by the lower flexibility of the conductive pattern compared to the flexibility of the supportive substrate. the conductive pattern compared to the flexibility of the supportive substrate. of the conductive pattern compared to the flexibility of the supportive substrate. (a(a)) (b()b) Figure 7. SEM images of the printed, cured and sintered Ag-layers on type 4 paper substrate; cracks in FigFiugruer7e.7S.ESMEMimimagageessooffththeeprriinted, cured andssiintteerreeddAAgg-l-alyaeyresrsonontytpyep4e p4apaepr esrubsustbrastrea; tcer;ackrascks the printed layer on two different locations (a) and (b) become apparent; the size bar is 5 μm in length. in the printed layer on two different locations (a) and (b) become apparent; the size bar is 5 μm in in the printed layer on two different locations (a) and (b) become apparent; the size bar is 5 μm in length. length. When comparing the SEM images of type 4 (Figure 7) and type 7 (Figure 8), the enormous influencWe ohfenthceomsupbasrtinragteth’sepSoErMosimtyagaensdofifbtyropues4n(eFsisguornet7h)eaqnudatlyitpyeo7f(tFhigeudrep8o),sitthedelnaoyremrobuescomes When comparing the SEM images of type 4 (Figure 7) and type 7 (Figure 8), the enormous influence of the substrate’s porosity and fibrousness on the quality of the deposited layer becomes apparent. The homogeneity of the Ag-layer on the type 7 substrate is drastically distorted by holes and influence of the substrate’s porosity and fibrousness on the quality of the deposited layer becomes apparent. The homogeneity of the Ag-layer on the type 7 substrate is drastically distorted by holes massive fibres (Figure 8a). Therefore, the thickness of the layer cannot be determined. Furthermore, apparent. The homogeneity of the Ag-layer on the type 7 substrate is drastically distorted by holes and massive fibres (Figure 8a). Therefore, the thickness of the layer cannot be determined. thaenldowm-vaisscivoeusfinbrkeiss h(Fiighulryeab8aso).rbTehderbeyfotrhee, pthoerouthsicmknateesrsiaol,fatshexplaeyceterdcandnodtesbceribdedteirnm[i2n6e]d.. Furthermore, the low-viscous ink is highly absorbed by the porous material, as expected and Furthermore, the low-viscous ink is highly absorbed by the porous material, as expected and described in [26]. described in [26].PDF Image | Inkjet-Printed Ag-Layers on Flexible, Uncoated Paper Substrates
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