PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 013
Theranostics 2020, Vol. 10, Issue 20 polymer not only participated in the synthesis of AgNPs, but also enhanced the filaricide activity of AgNPs. This suggested that AgNPs may be a potential preparation for filariasis control. In addition, they also tried to use AgNPs synthesized by Acacia auriculiformis to kill filaria, and also achieved impressive results [196]. Tomar et al. [197] realized the biologically synthesized AgNPs might inhibit both egg hatch and adult motility in dose-dependent manner. That was, a higher dose of AgNPs might exhibit better anthelmintic activity. Shabad et al. [198] confirmed the AgNPs synthesized by Ziziphus jujuba leaf extract showed ideal ovicidal and anthelmintic activity against Haemonchus contortus via nutrient depletion. The combination of AgNPs and organic components separated from plants can produce a synergistic effect which may enhance anthelmintic activity. Mamun et al. [199] speculated that organic substances in M. charantia fruit extracts, such as glycosides, alkaloids, reducing sugars and free acids, can help biosynthetic AgNPs to protect against parasitic infections. The phytochemicals might exert effectbyadheringtothegastrointestinaltractor parasite cuticles. AgNPs exhibited larvicidal activities against larvae of Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus, thus contributed to the prevention of malaria and filariasis [200]. In conclusion, AgNPs may be used as an effective insecticidal agent to kill eggs, larvae and adult parasites. However, the mechanisms still need to be further explored. Anticancer Application of AgNPs Anticancer Properties of AgNPs Cancer is currently considered an important factor in morbidity and mortality worldwide [201]. About 14 million new cancer cases are predicted by 2035, which will lead to a substantial impact on the economy and society around the world [202]. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop effective and advanced treatment methods to reduce the adverse effects of cancer incidence. Common treatments of cancer or tumor include surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, side effects and limitations of conventional treatments influence the outcomes. For example, standard chemotherapy may cause serious side effects, including local reactions, such as thrombophlebitis and tissue necrosis, and systemic reactions, including myelosuppression, dysfunction of liver and kidney and immunosuppression [203]. In addition, malignant tumors can develop multi-drug resistance (MDR), which may lead to chemotherapy failure [204]. Therefore, it is essential to develop novel drugs to improve the therapeutic effects. In recent years, 9008 nanoparticles have attracted more attention in cancer therapeutics due to their special physical and chemical properties, which gives rise to a new field of anticancer — cancer nanomedicine [205, 206]. Compared to traditional anticancer agents, metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) can be used as novel therapeutic agents or drug carriers in combination with drug candidates, and undesirable side-effects can be prevented by providing a targeted approach [207]. Among these nanoparticles, AgNPs represent an ideal one in the search for anticancer or antitumor therapeutic agents [207]. AgNPs have been observed to exhibit good anticancer activities in breast cancer [158], cervical cancer [208], colon cancer [209], ovarian cancer [210], pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma [211], lung cancer [212], hepatocellular carcinoma [213], melanoma [214], osteosarcoma [215], etc. (Table 5). Several studies confirm that the anticancer activities of AgNPs with various sizes, shapes and doses/concentrations are discrepant in different cancer cells [210-212, 215]. In addition, other factors, such as pH of lesions, exposure time, cell lines and tumor microenvironment, also influence the anticancer activity of AgNPs [210, 211, 214]. Generally speaking, AgNPs exhibit wide spectrum anticancer activity in size-, dose-/concentration- and time-dependent manners. AgNPs with smaller size can elicit enhanced endocytosis, and induce more significant cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. Compared with other shapes, spherical AgNPs exhibit better cytotoxicity due to the higher surface-to-volume ratio [216]. And higher dose of AgNPs usually leads to more apoptosis than lower one. In this section, we highlight these factors. Size- and Shape-dependent Manners Nanoparticles motility in capillaries, as well as endocytosis and metabolism in tumor cells, are significantly affected by the size of AgNPs [217, 218]. It has been found that the kinetics of uptake, intracellular accumulation and excretion, and the resulting cytotoxicity and genotoxicity, varied with the different sized AgNPs. In general, smaller AgNPs have higher endocytosis and exocytosis efficiency, therefore are supposed to produce greater cytotoxicity than larger particles [49, 217]. To investigate the effect of nanoparticle size on distribution within tumor, Gavin Fullstone et al. [219] simulated the transport of nanoparticles in blood flow using an agent-based approach, testing the ability of 10 nm, 20 nm, 50 nm, 70 nm, 80 nm, 100 nm and 160 nm nanoparticles to traverse fenestrations with pore size of normal blood vessels and tumor-associated blood vessels. http://www.thno.orgPDF Image | Silver nanoparticles Synthesis medical applications safety
PDF Search Title:
Silver nanoparticles Synthesis medical applications safetyOriginal File Name Searched:
thnov10p8996.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
Turbine and System Plans CAD CAM: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. More Info
Waste Heat Power Technology: Organic Rankine Cycle uses waste heat to make electricity, shaft horsepower and cooling. More Info
All Turbine and System Products: Infinity Turbine ORD systems, turbine generator sets, build plans and more to use your waste heat from 30C to 100C. More Info
CO2 Phase Change Demonstrator: CO2 goes supercritical at 30 C. This is a experimental platform which you can use to demonstrate phase change with low heat. Includes integration area for small CO2 turbine, static generator, and more. This can also be used for a GTL Gas to Liquids experimental platform. More Info
Introducing the Infinity Turbine Products Infinity Turbine develops and builds systems for making power from waste heat. It also is working on innovative strategies for storing, making, and deploying energy. More Info
Need Strategy? Use our Consulting and analyst services Infinity Turbine LLC is pleased to announce its consulting and analyst services. We have worked in the renewable energy industry as a researcher, developing sales and markets, along with may inventions and innovations. More Info
Made in USA with Global Energy Millennial Web Engine These pages were made with the Global Energy Web PDF Engine using Filemaker (Claris) software.
Infinity Turbine Developing Spinning Disc Reactor SDR or Spinning Disc Reactors reduce processing time for liquid production of Silver Nanoparticles.
| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |