Solids handling for intensified process technology

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Solids handling for intensified process technology ( solids-handling-intensified-process-technology )

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IbD PU Deliverable 3.1  Microbubble-aided floatation In chemical engineering, bubbles play crucial roles in various unit operations when there is a need for large interfacial surface area, especially for reactions involving more than one phase. Microbubble has been of interest lately as smaller bubble sizes give larger interfacial surface areas, which would further intensify mass transfer processes. Microbubbles are generally classified as having the diameter range of 1 – 100 μm. Parmar and Majumder (2015) recently studied the dispersion phenomenon associated with microbubble-suspension flow to assist in mineral beneficiation process. Their publication focused on the dispersion characteristics in order to assess the technical feasibility prior to being applied in flotation. One of the key results was the high dependence of the microbubble dispersion intensity upon the operating variables and the physiochemical properties of the bubble generation system. They concluded that microbubble-assisted flotation was indeed feasible, and their plan was to assess the degree of separation of fine particles in their subsequent experiments. 9.1.2 Particle classification  Dry gravity separation via Relflux Classifier Gravity separation is an industrial method of separating two components via gravitational force, based on density (specific weight) differential. The main working principle involves lifting the material by vacuum over an inclined, vibrating screen-covered deck. This results in the lighter component being suspended in air whilst the heavier component being left behind on the screen. “Wet” processing (suspension) is often considered to be more efficient than “dry” processing (granular materials). However, due to water scarcity in remote mining locations, dry processing is economically advantageous. In addition, coal preparation via dry processing leads to dry coal products with higher calorific values, as well as lower transportation costs. A Reflux Classifier consists of parallel inclined channels above a conventional fluidized bed. This inclination provides a larger effective segregation area. A reflux action occurs due to particle segregation onto the upward facing inclined surfaces, and in turn the motion of those particles down the inclined surfaces. Finally, they return to the fluidized zone. They are re-fluidized and returned to the channels for further separation. Macpherson et al. (2010) investigated the combination of vibration and sand as the dense medium for density-based separation in the Reflux Classifier (gas-fluidized) with promising results for coal separations (Figure 67). The addition of the dense medium was to direct the 70

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