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IbD PU Deliverable 3.1 displacement and mixing of the biomass particles, the scrapers would also be useful in eliminating any viscous oil deposits from the tube walls. Figure 84. Unicus scraped surface heat exchanger by HRS Group (HRS, 2016). 9.7.5 Tube inserts It is generally known that in order to enhance mixing and heat transfer at the same time it is necessary to work with turbulent flow. However, this approach involves a large increase in pressure drop as well as reduced residence time. Adding inserts in compact heat exchanger reactors therefore presents a challenge as the flow involved is typically in the laminar regime (Anxionnaz et al., 2008). The inserts have been found to be versatile in their applications, which include fouling remediation. CalGavin’s hiTRAN wire inserts The hiTRAN wire matrix inserts work by mixing fluid from the tube wall into the bulk flow and vice versa. This effectively disrupts laminar boundary layers that dominate in low Reynolds flows, removing the resistance to heat transfer, and results in significantly higher heat transfer coefficients on the tube side. Ritchie et al. (2009) designed experimental studies to qualitatively investigate the inserts’ effects on fouling. The inserts were found to significantly increase wall shear rates, three times greater than in plain tubes. Fouling from both chemical reaction-fouling and bio-fouling was found to be mitigated. In another publication, Droegemuller (2011) demonstrated that the hiTRAN wire-wound elements could break up particulate sedimentation in tubes of shell and tube heat exchangers (Figure 85). 89PDF Image | Solids handling for intensified process technology
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