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The products were also compared, after formulation as an adhesive, by testing according to DIN 53505 and DIN 53504 and were found to be equivalent. On the surface of the spinning disc a thin film is formed due to the prevailing centrifugal force. The temperature of such thin films can be very exactly controlled and this, coupled with the very short residence times, allows considerably higher reaction temperatures and thus adequate conversions; the Arrhenius effect can be fully utilised. In contrast, in a batch STR the surface to volume ratio decreases with increasing size leading to less efficient heat removal and process limitation. Thus, in a batch reactor the temperature has to be kept about 100 °C lower than that possible using a SDR to avoid decomposition and other competing reactions, so that much longer reaction times are necessary. A frequently asked question refers to the quantities that can be produced with a SDR. In Table 2[13] we summarize an answer based on the reactive polyurethanes discussed here. It is clear that with an appropriate disc size it is possible to produce similar quantities of material manufactured today in conventional equipment. By taking advantage of the excellent heat transfer on a SDR and the short residence times much higher temperatures are possible and the desired conversion achieved. Additionally, much less solvent is required to clean the SDR but due to the minimal fouling and continuous operation cleaning is seldom necessary. When it is, the cleaning is as simple as cleaning a saucepan in the kitchen! Another important advantage of the spinning disk when compared with a typical batch process is the considerably less energy required to produce the same amount of product. Table 2. A Comparison of the Effort Required to Produce 3.6 Tons Reactive Polyurethane using a Batch STR and a SDR[13] Scale Loading Heat-up Period Temperatur Reaction Cooling Emptying Cleaning Total Time Cleaning Fluid 4 m3 1,5 h 2,5 h 60 °C 7h 1,5 h 1,5 h 2h 16 h 1000 kg 100 cm disk 100 mL/s 27 min 200 °C 3s 20 min 100 mL/s 100 mL/s 10 h 12,5 kg Batch-Process SDR-Process 8PDF Image | Spinning Disk Reactor for Polymers and Nanoparticles
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