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ZINC OXIDE AND SILVER NANOPARTICLES ON INTESTINAL BACTERIA

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ZINC OXIDE AND SILVER NANOPARTICLES ON INTESTINAL BACTERIA ( zinc-oxide-and-silver-nanoparticles-on-intestinal-bacteria )

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compared to the control while the growth of E. coli O157:H7 was completely inhibited by 12 mM ZnO NPs. Another study by Tayel (2010) showed that Gram-positive strains were more susceptible to ZnO NPs using both qualitative and quantitative assays. ZnO NP was more effective to S.aures which is a Gram-positive bacterium than S. Typhimurium which is a Gram- negative bacterium. After exposure to their minimal inhibitory concentration of ZnO NP, S. Typhumurium and S. aureus cell numbers were reduced to 0 within 8 and 4 h, respectively. Scanning electron micrographs of treated cell showed that the cells completely exploded or lysed. The results of this study also showed that Bacillus cereus was the most sensitive strains among all of the examined strains against ZnO NPs, and Psudomonas spp. were the most resistant. Another study by Xie and others (2011) showed antibacterial activity of ZnO NPs against Campylobacter jejuni. The results showed that C. jejuni was extremely sensitive to ZnO NPs. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ZnO NPs for C. jejuni was 0.05 to 0.025 mg/mL, which is much lower than that of Salmonella enterica and E. coli O157:H7 (0.4 mg/mL). The action of ZnO NPs against C. jejuni was determined to be bactericidal, not bacteriostatic. The majority of C. jejuni cells, after exposure to ZnO NPs for 16 h had transformed from spiral shapes into coccoid forms. A study by Mirhosseini and Firouzabadi (2013) demonstrated the antibacterial activity of ZnO NPs in food samples. Specifically, two concentrations, 5 and 10 mM, of ZnO NPs were used as antimicrobial treatments in milk samples inoculated with E. coli and S. 9

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