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Batteries 2022, 8, 157 3 of 25 Batteries 2022, 8, 157 to withstand the Na mechanical deformation caused by the growth of Na dendrites [55]. Compared with the first two types of complex processes, electrolyte optimization is simpler and more feasible to improve the electrochemical performance of the Na metal anodes due to the change only in the composition of the electrolytes. Therefore, the optimization of the Na metal anode electrolyte is selected as the main topic in this review. FFigigure 1..(a(a) )ScShcehmeemoef doifledmimleams fmoratshefoNrathmetNal anmodeet.a(lba) nTohdree.m(bai)nTshtrraetegimesationresstoralvtegthies to res ddililemmassfofor rthtehNeaNmaetmaleatnaoldaen. ode. At present, many researchers have reviewed the research progress of Na metal anodes. To solve these issues, researchers have developed various strategies for the st However, previous progress has focused more on the modification strategy of host materi- tion of Na metal anodes. To sum up, it mainly includes three parts (Figure 1b). Fir als and artificial SEI layers [56–58]. With the increase in research on electrolyte optimization minotdhiefyfiienldgotfhNeadmeeptoalsaitniodnes,usbcisetnrtaisttesohfavtheefoNunadmtheatathleanmoedtheosd,othfelehcotrmoloytgeeonpetio-us hos mization is equally effective and easier to popularize and apply on a large scale. Therefore, sition sites can increase for Na metal, which suppresses Na dendrite formation a it is very necessary to conduct a timely review and summary of some progress in the opti- viates Na metal anode volume undulation [45,46]. Secondly, with the constructio mization of electrolytes for Na-metal-based anodes. In this review, we discuss the current artificial SEI layer with high mechanical strength and ionic conductivity, it can b Na-metal-based anode electrolytes in three parts: liquid electrolytes, polymer electrolytes, toantdhaelld-sioflfiuds-sitoantekeliencetrtoiclysteosf. FNirastilyo,nascc,owrdhinicghtocathne acuvroreidnttphreogcroesrsrofsiNoanmoeftathl aenroodoets of N liquid electrolytes, the effects of electrolyte solvents, solutes, and additives on Na metal from the electrolyte and guide the uniform Na metal plating–stripping [47,48]. anodes are discussed, and their effects on inhibiting Na dendrite growth and improving the optimization of the electrolyte formulation, including the design of liquid electroly electrochemical performance of Na metal anodes are discussed. Secondly, we analyze and solid-state electrolytes, can adjust the reactivity of Na metal and improve the mi discuss the optimization strategies of polymer electrolytes in Na metal anodes and sum- path of Na ions, which is beneficial to the suppression of Na dendrites [49–53]. marize the current progress of polymer electrolytes. In addition, the current preparation method of Na metal anode all-solid-state electrolytes is described to optimize the electro- above method, modifying the Na metal deposition substrate will raise the prep chemical mechanism of Na metal anodes, and the influence of the preparation method of process and increase the volume of the battery, which restricts the large-scale pro all-solid-state electrolytes on the migration of Na ions is discussed. Finally, we summarize of the battery [54]. The process of constructing the artificial SEI layer is equally and classify some recent technological advances and research strategies for Na metal anode cated, and its composition also changes dynamically during the cycle, which eve electrolytes and propose some perspectives and prospects. With the recent increase in mthaekreseiatruchnoanblNeatomwetailthanstoadnedelethcteroNlyatems beycshcaienitcisatls,dweefobremlieavteiothnatctahuisreedvibewy tchane growt provide some guidance for the further development of Na metal anode electrolytes. dendrites [55]. Compared with the first two types of complex processes, electroly mization is simpler and more feasible to improve the electrochemical performanc Na metal anodes due to the change only in the composition of the electrolytes. Th the optimization of the Na metal anode electrolyte is selected as the main topic review. o a s n n e a T g d c h t e e At present, many researchers have reviewed the research progress of Na mePDF Image | Recent Development for Sodium Metal Batteries
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