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Appl. Sci. 2020, 10, 4692 11 of 19 Figure 6. Effect of time on the purity of the CH4 output. Result after 15 cycles and by varying the time of the adsorption phase to verify the correctness of the result. It can be observed that the curves obtained at the initial adsorption period have a 92% purity until 300 s, after which the molar fraction of CH4 begins to drop. The effect of the adsorption time on purity and recovery has therefore been investigated with greater precision by varying the duration of the adsorption phase (and consequently, of the regeneration phase) shorter than 300 s. The program was iterated until the cyclic steady state (CSS) was reached, at which time the process performance was stable over time. For this purpose, a relative tolerance has been set for the closure of the material and the energy balances equal 0.000.5. It has been noted that CSS is achieved after 94 iteration cycles, as shown in Table 5. This is due to the slowness of the CH4 adsorption process. In fact, it takes a long time for the amount of methane adsorbed inside the CMS to stabilize. Table 5. Biomethane purity, recovery and number of cycles necessary to reach the cyclic steady state (CSS) as a function of the adsorption time. Case Pressure (bar) PR (s) AD (s) DPE (s) BL (s) PU (s) PPE (s) Recovery of CH4 (%) Purity of CH4 (%) Number of cycles Simulation Real conditions 6.5 6.5 25 25 250 250 5 5 25 25 250 250 5 5 81.63 - 92.08 92.10 94 - Having obtained a good agreement of the simulation and real process, it was decided to adopt an adsorption time of 250 s for a total cycle duration of 560 s (9.3 min). This allows us to obtain a biomethane with a purity slightly higher than 92% molar. Moreover, in this way, the cycle time is similar to the operating conditions of REBiofuel. The simulation of the pressure cycle was compared with the data from the real process, as shown in Figure 7.PDF Image | Biogas Six-Step Pressure Swing Adsorption
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