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Appl. Sci. 2020, 10, 4692 15 of 19 This simulation makes it possible to obtain an average purity of biomethane of 92.08% over time, with a recovery of 81.63%. In addition, the results show that the real operating data fit well with the simulated results. 3.4. Effect of the Key Operating Conditions 3.4.1. Effect of Flowrate on Purity In the real case, the adsorbent and adsorption step times of the PSA process are the most significant variables that affect the purity of biomethane, as explained above. However, it is difficult to change these variables at the commercial scale. Nevertheless, we can take into account the flowrate of biogas, which can also control the purity of biomethane. The changes in the purity according to variation of flowrate are shown in Figure 13. The results show that we can increase the purity by up to 97.92% with the same dimensions of the adsorption bed by reducing the flowrate by 60%. Figure 13. Effect of flowrate on biomethane purity. 3.4.2. Effect of the Adsorption Time on Purity It has been observed in Figure 6 that when the adsorption time is longer than 300 s, the purity of CH4 significantly decreases. In addition, if the adsorption time is too short, i.e., lower than 200 s, it would result in a negative effect with respect to the adsorbent limit. Therefore, this section’s aim is to find the optimal adsorption time within the investigated range between 200 and 300 s. We compare the difference in purity and recovery time of methane with three adsorption step time of 200, 250 and 300 s, as shown in Table 6. It can be observed that the purity decreases and the recovery increases when increasing the adsorption time due to the interaction times of the CMS and CO2. In Case 1 (200 s), the interaction between the CMS and biogas has high efficiency, as shown in Figure 6. The purity of CH4 in Case 1 is higher than in Case 2 (250 s), but the difference in number of cycles in Case 1 is 23% higher than in Case 2. Consequently, the cycle time is higher and the purity is above the requirement. However, for Case 3 (300 s), the CMS was limited to absorbing only CO2 and the purity was low. Therefore, the optimal condition is an adsorption step time of 250 s, which has met the minimum purity requirement and equals 92.08%. Moreover, it was very close to the real operating condition of 92.10% purity.PDF Image | Biogas Six-Step Pressure Swing Adsorption
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