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5.3 Case Studies and Computational Results 100 98 96 94 92 90 88 89 90 91 92 purity (%) 93 94 750 700 650 600 550 500 95 96 CO 2 Figure 5.4: Purity-recovery trade-off curve for case I covery calculations in AMPL and the full-cycle approach, since they simulate the entire cycle, but not in the step-by-step approach. Hence, we observe higher recoveries for H2 and CO2 in the step-by-step approach. We register this flow because in our formulation we control the pressures Pads and Pdes and not the flow rates at the heavy end and the light end of CoB and CnB, respectively. To avoid this, a valve-based superstructure formulation, which can control the flows instead of pressures, will be considered in future extensions of this work. Figure 5.4 shows a trade-off curve between CO2 purity and recovery. The curve is con- structed by varying the lower bound on CO2 purity and solving the superstructure NLP re- peatedly. As a result, each point plotted on the curve represents an optimal cycle which yields the corresponding optimal CO2 recovery for the corresponding purity. In other words, it is an optimum purity-recovery trade-off curve for the activated carbon adsorbent and the process conditions assumed in this case study. The feed flux and the cycle time were fixed to their respective optimal values of 35 kgmol m−2 hr−1 and 198.8 sec for the entire curve. Figure 5.4 also shows the power consumption for the corresponding optimal CO2 purity-recovery com- bination. With activated carbon as the sorbent, we are able to obtain a maximum purity of Chapter 5. Superstructure Case Study: Pre-combustion CO2 Capture 85 CO recovery (%) 2 Power consumption (kWh/tonne CO ) 2PDF Image | Design and Operation of Pressure Swing Adsorption Processes
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