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Development of the proposed ideas in this dissertation together with the fruitful analysis of the case studies have also helped us identify many potential areas for improvement and a number of outstanding issues that need to be investigated. Some recommendations for future work in both areas are as follows. PSA Superstructure • The superstructure can be updated by incorporating flow valves for the inlet and exit streams of CoB and CnB. To realize operating steps, valve constants can be manipulated instead of pressures at the ends of CoB and CnB, which is more practical, and can lead to more stable and nonoscillatory solutions compared to the current optimal control framework. Moreover, such valves can ensure a proper flow control during steps like co- current pressurization and pressure equalization, which cannot be ensured neatly with bed pressures as control variables. • Product tanks can also be incorporated in the superstructure with additional mass bal- ance equations for them. This can help obtain operating steps that involve a pure product purge, which is not possible with the current superstructure. • The complete discretization approach used in this work to solve the optimal control problem requires an additional accuracy verification step. Such a step can be completely avoided, and accuracy of the results can be enhanced by using a sensitivity-based sequen- tial approach, similar to [100]. Partially discretized PDAEs together with the sensitivity equations can be integrated outside the NLP problem using a sophisticated dynamic simulator. NLP problem can then be solved using these sensitivities. • In this work, computational limitations allow us to do the analysis with only binary feed mixtures. In future, the approach can be extended to applications that involve multi-component feed mixtures. Moreover, multiple layers of adsorbents can also be 8.2 Directions for Future Work 8.2 Directions for Future Work Chapter 8. Conclusions 189PDF Image | Design and Operation of Pressure Swing Adsorption Processes
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