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The Dynamic Response and Characteristics of an Oxygen Vacuum Swing Adsorption Process to Step Perturbations. Part 1. Open Loop Responses C.C.K. Beh and P.A. Webley* Department of Chemical Engineering, P.O. Box 36, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia. (Received 11 October 2002; revised form accepted 27 February 2003) INTRODUCTION ABSTRACT: Oxygen vacuum swing adsorption (VSA) has emerged as an important unit operation in many chemical engineering processes such as iron and aluminium smelting, making oxygen the third largest man-made chemical commodity in the world. Although a mature technology (with the first patents published in the 1970s), oxygen VSA processes are still not well understood due to their complicated batch-like operation, inherent non-linearities and inverse responses associated with the operating conditions. Step perturbations of manipu- lated variables together with the process response provide valuable information for the study of system dynamics, the extent of interaction and control loop pairings. The first part of this study presents data from input perturbations gathered from a pilot-scale experimental oxygen VSA process. The interesting time- variant temperature profiles, and bed and system pressures, flows and purity are the main focus of the discussion. Furthermore, the possible applications of this knowledge for heuristic-based control are discussed. Oxygen is one of the largest man-made chemical commodities and, not surprisingly, has spurred much research into the development of processes for its efficient production. Vacuum swing adsorption (VSA) has emerged as an important unit operation and is the preferred method (over pressure swing adsorption) for the production of low tonnage oxygen due to the adsorptive capac- ity of the sieve and sieve selectivity. Since its inception as a patented process [with one of the first patents issued in October 1970 (Kumar 1996)], vacuum swing adsorption (VSA) has gained in popularity and is the system of choice for small-to-medium size oxygen production plants. It offers a cost effective and efficient source of enriched oxygen product for applications requiring less than 100 tonne/d of contained oxygen (Kumar 1996). Resurgence in the development of this technology was fuelled by the drive for low-power, cost-efficient oxygen production by Japanese steel arc furnaces during the 1980s (LaCava et al. 1998). However, due to the complexity of the process, investigations into the characteristics of the system continue. The focus of previous research efforts in air-separation adsorption processes has primarily been the determination of cyclic steady-state conditions. Thus, the optimisation of design and operat- ing conditions has required detailed investigation of steady-state conditions, leading to the devel- opment of process simulators and a large amount of experimental information. In contrast, *Author to whom all correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: paul.webley@eng.monash.edu.au. 319PDF Image | Dynamic Response and Characteristics of an Oxygen Vacuum Swing Adsorption
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