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1.3 Scope and Outline of Thesis In order to understand the throttling losses and bed losses in PSA cycles, three closely related cycles are broken down into steps and analyzed. The flows of gas and energy through the system are calculated, and the energy losses during the cycle are quantified. The total energy requirements of each cycle is compared to the thermodynamic limit (reversible work) for gas separation, in order to calculate the second law efficiency. The second law efficiency is a measure of how close one is to obtaining the best efficiency thermodynamically possible, and can be used to compare different cycles to each other. The cycles considered are as follows: 1. The Four-Step cycle, which is a modification of the well-known Skarstrom cycle. The product is considered to be pure light component, and pressurization of the adsorbent bed is accomplished using product, rather than feed. 2. A n idealized version of the Four-Step cycle delivering pure product, in which the mrottling losses are removed and all of the pressurization and depressurization is done reversibly. 3. A n Ideal Three-Step cycle that attempts to simplify the PSA process into three essential steps. Again, the cycle is assumed to produce pure product. In Chapter 2, the background necessary to understand the separation of gases by PSA is developed. First, the reversible work of gas separation is derived. Then, the adsorption process is introduced, along with the equations used in this work to describe the amount of gas adsorbed on a particular adsorbent. The next step is an exploration of bed dynamics, the study of variations in flow and concentration in an adsorbent bed 5PDF Image | Energy Efficiency of Gas Separation Pressure Swing Adsorption
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