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and that minimum pressure ratio increased as the mole fraction of the heavy component in the feed increased. They also found that the pressurization with product variant resulted in higher recoveries than the pressurization with feed variant, with the greatest difference occurring for small separation factors, large initial heavy mole fractions and large pressure ratios (the authors note that this concept is consistent with industrial practice, as mentioned by Wagner, 1969). The authors develop equations for the number of moles used to pressurize the bed, the number of moles of feed necessary to push the shock wave the length of the bed, the number of moles of product delivered, and the.number of moles of product used to purge the adsorbent bed. From these equations, the recovery of the light component as well as the enrichment of the light and heavy components can be found. It is in this paper that the current work finds a great deal of its inspiration, drawing on their analysis of bed dynamics in order to calculate the work required for each step of the Four-Step cycle. In this thesis, only the pressurization with product variant is discussed, as the equations relating flows to pressures are more easily defined. Kayser and Knaebel (1986) compare the analytical solution of Knaebel and Hill (1985) to an experimental situation that closely resembles the assumptions present in the analytical work. The adsorbent used is Zeolite 5A (Union Carbide 20 x 40 mesh). The adsorbent parameters experimentally determined by Kayser and Knaebel are used as the standard values in all of the examples in this thesis. The void fraction e of the adsorbent bed was determined using a displacement liquid and was found to be 0.478 ± 0.010. The isotherm slopes for nitrogen and oxygen on this adsorbent were measured at three temperatures and the results are listed in Table 2.1. 36PDF Image | Energy Efficiency of Gas Separation Pressure Swing Adsorption
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