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In Figure 4.2, the efficiency of the feed compressor is set to unity. This is done to further clarify the losses in the system due only to the PSA process. In order to optimize the separation of oxygen from air with zeolite 5A, Banerjee et al. set the lower pressure of the cycle to 1 arm and then varied the higher pressure of the cycle until the compressor work per unit mole of product was minimized. For the Four-Step cycle with an adiabatic compressor, this occurred at 15.6 arm. This example cycle is summarized in the following tables. Table 4.1 lists the properties of the adsorbent bed. These properties are taken from Kayser and Knaebel (1986), who compared experimental results of air separation with the theoretical results developed by Knaebel and Hill in 1985. The results of these experiments agree well with the theory, and are presented in Section 4.4 along with an energy analysis of the cycles used. Table 4.1 Zeolite 5A Adsorbent Properties. s 0.478 H Bed voidage Slope of species A isotherm (nitrogen) Slope of species B isotherm (oxygen) Fraction of species A in the gas phase in the bed Fraction of species B in the gas phase in the bed RatioofpA topB Volume of the adsorbent bed Mole fraction of the ambient gas (air) kA kB PA PB P 9.94 H 5.4 {-} 0.0844 {-} 0.1450 {-} 0.5818 {-} 0.10 {m3} 0.78 {-} V yo B The volume is set to 0.10 m3 , which does not affect the work per mole of product, but does affect the absolute values of energy and molar flows through the system. The mole fraction of the ambient gas used in the following analysis is 0.78. Banerjee et al. use the value of yo = 0.79, as there is 21% oxygen in air. However, for oxygen 99PDF Image | Energy Efficiency of Gas Separation Pressure Swing Adsorption
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