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Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Vol.15 No.2 (June 2014) 1-7 ISSN: 1997-4884 University of Baghdad College of Engineering Ethanol-Water Separation by Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) Zaid A. Abdel-Rahman*, Abdulrahman M. Mahmood* and Ahmed J. Ali** *Chemical Engineering Department - College of Engineering - Tikrit University - Iraq **Chemical Engineering Department - Faculty of Engineering - Sohar University - Oman Abstract Single long spiral tube column pressure swing adsorption (PSA) unit, 25 mm diameter, and 6 m length was constructed to study the separation of water from ethanol at azeotropic concentration of 95 wt%. The first three meters of the column length acted as a vaporizer and the remaining length acted as an adsorber filled by commercial 3A zeolite. The effect of pressure, temperature and feed flow rate on the product ethanol purity, process recovery and productivity were studied. The results showed that ethanol purity increased with temperature and pressure and decreased with feed flow rate. The purity decreased with increasing productivity. The purity range was 98.9 % to 99.6 %, the recovery range was 0.82 to 0.92 and the productivity range was 0.3 to 1.05 kg ethanol/kg zeolite.h. Keywords: PSA, azeotropic point, 3A zeolite, ethanol-water separation. Introduction The main problem of using ethanol as a car fuel is the presence of excess water. Simple binary distillation is used to separate ethanol-water up to maximum 95% as weight percent; further purity of ethanol cannot be got by distillation due to presence of azeotrope. There are many processes to get dehydrated ethanol beyond azeotropic point; pressure swing adsorption (PSA) process in vapor phase is the lowest energy consumption process [1]. In liquid phase water adsorption for ethanol-water mixture [2-4], the adsorbent is usually desorbed by solvent rinse or heating. Solvent rinse requires a suitable solvent and further separation and recovery of the solvent after the rinse. And the method of heating requires long operating period of heating for desorption and then cooling for adsorption, which lowers the productivity of the adsorbent beds. Heat energy is also required to evaporate the liquid remaining in the void of the beds and raise the temperature of the adsorbent and the beds. The gaseous phase adsorption process was proposed by Ladisch and coworkers [5]. PSA is widely used in the separation and purification of gas mixtures mainly because of the easy and quick desorption of the adsorbent only by depressurization [6]. All adsorption processes include two major steps, adsorption and desorption, and almost the process is named by the desorption step. There are two basic adsorption processes: Thermal swing adsorption (TSA) and pressure swing adsorption (PSA). Figure 1 shows thePDF Image | Ethanol-Water Separation by Pressure Swing Adsorption
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