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LIMITS OF SMALL SCALE PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION

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LIMITS OF SMALL SCALE PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION ( limits-small-scale-pressure-swing-adsorption )

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ambulances and short term travel. Currently they are found in nursing homes and for everyday use in place of oxygen cylinders. Numerous companies have entered POC market including Inogen One, Invacare, AirSep, and Respironics. POCs all have a similar design because they all operate on the same engineering and design fundamentals. The difference in performance comes from trade-offs made in the design process to provide different specifications and characteristics that reduce the energy requirement and target specific patient needs.16 2.3.5 Future Challenges for PSA Modeling of a PSA process remains difficult because the complex and dynamic nature of a PSA process; hence the design and optimization of the process remains principally experimental in nature. Modeling the process requires numerous partial differential equations describing the number of different process steps, initial conditions, and boundary conditions for each step. Solving these equations is both time consuming and difficult to do with the accuracy and reliability.12 Further adding to the problem is the difficulty in understanding multi-component gas-solid interactions that are needed for solving the equations in the model. Predicting these interactions from limited experimental data is difficult because of the range of conditions (pressure, temperature, and composition) that occur within PSA system throughout the process. Currently the best solution is developing simplified models for predicting a PSA process and then improving the process through a pilot plant.12 Improving the knowledge of multi- component adsorption will remain the focus of research for years to come because of the challenges it provides. While air separation is a fairly established PSA process, utilizing the technology for other applications is another challenge for researchers. Current work 28

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