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zero, all adsorption systems must thermodynamically approach Henry’s law with a finite slope at the origin. It is exact as pressure approaches zero and thermodynamically describes the slope at the origin. 3.2.2 The Langmuir Isotherm The simplest and most commonly used adsorption model for microporous solids that includes a saturation capacity with a finite number of sites (each site can only accommodate one molecule) is the Langmuir isotherm. The Langmuir model assumes monolayer surface coverage of the adsorbate on the adsorbent surface.22 It also assumes the surface is energetically uniform and adsorbed molecules are isolated with no interaction forces between them. The Langmuir model has wide use for describing dynamic equilibrium of physical adsorption systems at low surface concentrations. Many systems show at least relative consistency with the Langmuir model. Furthermore, it reduces to Henry’s Law at low concentrations, which is a requirement for thermodynamic consistency in any physical adsorption system. This allows it to at least serve as a starting point for design of PSA systems.8 Key assumptions of the Langmuir isotherm are as follows: 1) The heat of adsorption is constant and independent of coverage (due to assumption of isolated adsorbed molecules with no lateral interactions) 2) Only one adsorbate molecule is located at a site 3) Localized adsorption (adsorbed molecules remain adsorbed until desorption occurs) 4) The solid possesses finite number of adsorption sites 38PDF Image | LIMITS OF SMALL SCALE PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION
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